电磁发射轨道表面不同模拟涂层对电磁热耦合场及耐磨性能的影响

doi:10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2025014

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摘要为研究极端电磁热耦合场下电磁发射轨道表面的磨损与防护,基于COMSOL和ABAQUS有限元软件,建立Mo、Ni、W耐磨导电轨道涂层的电磁热模型和热力耦合磨损模型,探索不同耐磨导电涂层对电磁发射的电磁热分布与轨道耐磨性的影响。结果表明：涂覆涂层后,轨道电流密度的分布改变,热效应减小,轨道的整体温度降低。在电磁发射过程中,轨道的机械磨损主要集中于前半段,涂覆涂层能明显降低轨道磨损。无涂层轨道的最大磨损深度为1.142 μm,磨损体积为2.170 mm³;涂覆Mo、Ni、W涂层后轨道的最大磨损深度分别为0.070、0.095、0.042 μm,轨道磨损体积在0.030~0.069 mm³的范围内。其中,由于W的导热性能最好、导电性能优异、硬度高、耐磨性能好,其最大磨损深度和磨损体积皆最低。

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	袁仔豪
	王兴
	刘梓屹
	陈德山
	康丽
	林永强
	梁伟晗
	姚萍屏

关键词 ：电磁发射, 数值模拟, 电磁热, 磨损, 涂层

Abstract：In order to investigate the wear and protection on the rail surface of electromagnetic launch under extreme electromagnetic thermal coupling field, based on COMSOL and ABAQUS finite element software, the electromagnetic thermal model and the thermal-mechanical coupling wear model for Mo, Ni, W wear-resistant and conductive coatings were established, and the influences of different wear-resistant and conductive coatings on the electromagnetic thermal distribution of electromagnetic launch and wear resistance of the rail were explored. The results show that the coating surface alters the distribution of current density on the rails, reducing the thermal effects and lowering the overall temperature. During electromagnetic launching, mechanical wear on the rails is primarily concentrated on the front of the section, and the rail wear is significantly reduced after applying the coatings. For uncoated rails, the maximum wear depth is 1.142 μm, and the wear volume is 2.170 mm³; after applying the Mo, Ni, and W coatings, the maximum wear depths of the rail are 0.070, 0.095, and 0.042 μm respectively, and the wear volume ranges from 0.030 to 0.069 mm³. Among them, the W coating exhibits the lowest maximum wear depth and wear volume due to its superior thermal conductivity, excellent electrical conductivity, high hardness, and outstanding wear resistance.

Key words： electromagnetic launch numerical simulation electromagnetic thermal wear coating

收稿日期: 2025-02-20 出版日期: 2025-07-28

ZTFLH:

TJ866

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(92166202); 中南大学粉末冶金全国重点实验室开放基金资助项目(621022305)

通讯作者: 姚萍屏,教授,博士。电话：0731-88876614;E-mail: ppyao@csu.edu.cn

引用本文:

袁仔豪, 王兴, 刘梓屹, 陈德山, 康丽, 林永强, 梁伟晗, 姚萍屏. 电磁发射轨道表面不同模拟涂层对电磁热耦合场及耐磨性能的影响[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2025, 30(3): 245-260.
YUAN Zihao, WANG Xing, LIU Ziyi, CHEN Deshan, KANG Li, LIN Yongqiang, LIANG Weihan, YAO Pingping. The influence of different simulated coatings on electromagnetic thermal coupling field and wear resistance on the rail surface for the electromagnetic launch. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2025, 30(3): 245-260.

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http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/CN/10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2025014 或 http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/CN/Y2025/V30/I3/245

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