Abstract：Using copper-tin as matrix, graphite and lead as solid lubricant, the new solid self-lubricating material was fabricated by powder metallurgy and suitable for high speed and heavy load condition. The effects of lead on high-temperature mechanical properties and tribological behavior of materials were investigated. Through investigating on the friction surface and the subsurface surface, the cooperative lubrication mechanism of lead and graphite was discussed. The results show that the hardness and tensile strength are inordinately increased by adding lead in copper graphite material. And adding Lead can increase high-temperature compression strength below 300 ℃, the compressive strength of the material at 300 ℃ is 215.3 MPa. Meanwhile, the friction stability of copper graphite material under high speed and heavy load condition can be significantly improved by adding lead, and the average friction coefficient is reduced slightly.
甘子旸, 刘咏, 吕信群, 谭彦妮, 邹俭鹏. 铅对铜基固体自润滑材料的润滑机理[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2018, 23(4): 347-353.
GAN Ziyang, LIU Yong, LÜ Xinqun, TAN Yanni, ZOU Jianpeng. Lubrication mechanism of copper-based solid self-lubricating materials by lead. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2018, 23(4): 347-353.
[1] WANG Y, GAO Y M, LI Y Fi, et al.Research on nickel modified graphite/Cu composites interface[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2017, 328(Supplement C): 70-79. [2] ANAND A, SHARMA SM.High temperature friction and wear characteristics of Fe-Cu-C based self-lubricating material[J]. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals, 2017, 70(10): 2641-2650. [3] 刘维民, 翁立军, 孙嘉奕. 空间润滑材料与技术手册[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2009: 85-120. LIU Weimin, WENG Lijun, SUN Jiayi.Space Lubrication Materials and Technical Manuals[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2009: 85-120. [4] YANG L W, WANG R J, JIA M. Research on high performance of pantograph slider used by high speed train[J]. Applied Mechanics & Materials, 2011, 55/57: 1736-1741. [5] XIAO Y L, YAO P P, ZHOU H B, et al.Friction and wear behavior of copper matrix composite for spacecraft rendezvous and docking under different conditions[J]. Wear, 2014, 320(Supplement C): 127-134. [6] KOVÁČIK J, EMMER, JOZEF B, et al. Effect of composition on friction coefficient of Cu-graphite composites[J]. Wear, 2008, 265(3/4): 417-421. [7] DONG R F, CUI Z D, ZHU S, et al.Preparation, characterization and mechanical properties of Cu-Sn alloy/graphite composites[J]. Metallurgical & Materials Transactions A, 2014, 45(11): 5194-5200. [8] CARDINAL M F, CASTRO P A, BAXI J, et al.Characterization and frictional behavior of nanostructured Ni-W-MoS2 composite coatings[J]. Surface & Coatings Technology, 2009, 204(1/2): 85-90. [9] LI T S, TAO J, CONG P H, et al.Study on the tribological characteristics of solid lubricants embedded tin-bronze bearings[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2010, 80(13): 2394-2399. [10] KATO H, TAKAMA M, IWAI Y, et al.Wear and mechanical properties of sintered copper-tin composites containing graphite or molybdenum disulfide[J]. Wear, 2003, 255(1/6): 573-578. [11] 李溪滨, 刘如铁, 杨慧敏. 铝铅石墨固体自润滑复合材料的性能[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2003, 13(2): 465-468. LI Xibin, LIU Rutie, YANG Huimin.Properties of solid self-lubricating Al-Pb-graphite composites[J]. Journal of China Nonferrous Metals, 2003, 13(2): 465-468. [12] UPADHYAYA A, MISHRA N S, OJHA S N.Microstructural control by spray forming and wear characteristics of a Babbit alloy[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 1997, 32(12): 3227-3235. [13] RUUSILA V, NYYSSONEN T, KALLIO M, et al.The effect of microstructure and lead content on the tribological properties of bearing alloys[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part J Journal of Engineering Tribology, 2013, 227(8): 878-887. [14] EQUEY S, HOURIET A, MISCHLER S.Wear and frictional mechanisms of copper-based bearing alloys[J]. Wear, 2011, 273(1): 9-16. [15] PRABHU T R, VARMA V K, VEDANTAM S.Tribological and mechanical behavior of multilayer Cu/SiC+Gr hybrid composites for brake friction material applications[J]. Wear, 2014, 317(1/2): 201-212. [16] MA W L, LU J, WANG B.Sliding friction and wear of Cu-graphite against 2024, AZ91D and Ti6Al4V at different speeds[J]. Wear, 2009, 266(11): 1072-1081. [17] 尹延国, 杜春宽, 郑治祥, 等. 镀镍石墨粉对铜基石墨复合材料力学性能的影响[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2006, 16(11): 1895-1901. YIN Yanguo, DU Chunkuan, ZHENG Zhixiang, et al.The influence of nickel-plated graphite powder on mechanical properties of copper-based composite materials[J]. Journal of China Nonferrous Metals, 2006. 16(11): 1895-1901. [18] 赵翔, 郝俊杰, 彭坤, 等. Cr-Fe为摩擦组元的铜基粉末冶金摩擦材料的摩擦磨损性能[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2014, 19(6): 935-939. ZHAO Xiang, HAO Junjie, PENG Kun, et al.The friction and wear properties of the copper base powder metallurgy friction materials for the friction group of the friction group[J]. The Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy Materials, 2014, 19(6): 935-939. [19] 符蓉, 宋宝韫, 高飞, 等. Cu-SiO2烧结材料的摩擦磨损性能研究[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2007, 27(4): 377-381. FU Rong, SONG Baoyun, GAO Fei, et al.The study of friction and wear properties of the sintered materials of Cu-SiO2[J]. Journal of Tribology, 2007. 27(4): 377-381. [20] 符蓉, 高飞, 宋宝韫, 等. 铜-石墨材料摩擦学行为的研究[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2010, 30(5): 479-484. FU Rong, GAO Fei, SONG Baoyun, et al.A study on tribological behavior of copper and graphite materials[J]. Journal of Tribology, 2010, 30(5): 479-484. [21] LIUY B, LIMS C, RAYS, et al. Friction and wear of aluminium-graphite composites: the smearing process of graphite during sliding[J]. Wear, 1992, 159(2): 201-205.
2018, Vol. 23 
