Microstructure and properties of cold sprayed copper-diamond composite coatings
LIU Shuyu1, PENG Yingbo1,2, GAO Peiran1, TAN Yanni1, ZHANG Wei1
1. State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; 2. College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China
Abstract：Titanium alloys are widely used in aerospace due to their high specific strength, but the sliding friction performance is poor, which seriously affects the life of related components. Surface modification is a common method to improve the friction behavior of titanium alloy, and the metal-based diamond composite coating is one of the important research directions. In this paper, dense copper-based diamond composite coating was prepared on the surface of TC18 alloy by spray drying powder combined with cold spraying. The principle of cold spray deposition of composite powders and the correlation between microstructure and mechanical properties of coatings before and after heat treatment were explored. The results show that the composite powders prepared by spray drying meet the requirements of cold spraying process. After cold spraying, the diamond is dispersed in the coating with a mass fraction of 0.74%, and no damage or graphitization occurs. Cold sprayed diamond/copper coating shave considerable electrical conductivity and high hardness. The wear mechanism of the coatings is shear fracture and peeling. Afterheat treatment at 600 ℃, the hardness of the composite coating reduces to 95.8 HV and the conductivity increases to 89.3%IACS. The friction behavior of the coating is improved as well. The wear rate of the coating was reduced by 41%.
[1] MOVASSAGH-ALANAGH F, ABDOLLAH-ZADEH A, ALIOFKHAZRAEI M, et al. Improving the wear and corrosion resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy by deposition of TiSiN nanocomposite coating with pulsed-DC PACVD[J]. Wear, 2017, 390-391(15): 93-103. [2] LIU X B, MENG X J, LIU H Q, et al.Development and characterization of laser clad high temperature self-lubricating wear resistant composite coatings on Ti-6Al-4V alloy[J]. Materials and Design, 2014, 55: 404-409. [3] 李信, 龙剑平, 胥明. 金刚石颗粒/金属基复合材料的研究进展[J]. 特种铸造及有色合金, 2012, 32(7): 654-656. LI Xin, LONG Jianping, XU Ming.Progress in diamond/metal matrix composites[J]. Special Casting ＆ Nonferrous Alloys, 2012, 32(7): 654-656. [4] 陈文元, 谈辉, 程军, 等. 冷喷涂铜基复合涂层摩擦学性能研究进展与展望[J]. 材料导报, 2022, 36(7): 58-64. CHEN Wenyuan, TAN Hui, CHENG Jun, et al.Research progress and prospect of tribological properties of cold sprayed copper-based composite coatings[J]. Materials Reports, 2022, 36(7): 58-64. [5] WANG Z, CHEN X Y, GONG Y F, et al.Tribocorrosion behaviours of cold-sprayed diamond-Cu composite coatings in artificial sea water[J]. Surface Engineering, 2017, 34(5): 392-398. [6] YANG L J, LI B, YAO J H, et al.Effects of diamond size on the deposition characteristic and tribological behavior of diamond/Ni60 composite coating prepared by supersonic laser deposition[J]. Diamond and Related Materials, 2015, 58: 139-148. [7] 刘苏丽. 纳米金刚石增强钛基复合材料的制备与性能[D]. 南京: 东南大学, 2018. LIU Suli.Fabrication and properties of nanodiamonds reinforced titanium metal matrix composites[D]. Nanjing: Southeast University, 2018. [8] 乔志军. 纳米金刚石石墨化转变以及纳米金刚石/铜复合材料的制备与性能[D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2007. QIAO Zhijun.Graphitization of nanodiamond and properties of nanodiamond/cu composite[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2007. [9] 邓楠, 董浩, 车洪艳, 等. 冷喷涂制备金属涂层及其在增材制造应用中的研究进展[J]. 表面技术, 2020, 49(3): 57-66. DENG Nan, DONG Hao, CHE Hongyan, et al.The research progress on preparation of metal coatings by cold spraying and its application in additive manufacturing[J]. Surface Technology, 2020, 49(3): 57-66. [10] KWON H, CHO S, KAWASAKI A.Diamond-reinforced metal matrix bulk materials fabricated by a low-pressure cold-spray process[J]. Materials Transactions, 2015, 56(1): 108-112. [11] SPENCER K, FABIJANIC D M, ZHANG M X.The use of Al-Al2O3 cold spray coatings to improve the surface properties of magnesium alloys[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2009, 204(3): 336-344. [12] ALDWELL B, YIN S, MCDONNELL K A, et al.A novel method for metal-diamond composite coating deposition with cold spray and formation mechanism[J]. Scripta Materialia, 2016, 115: 10-13. [13] 雒晓涛. 冷喷涂纳米结构cBN-NiCrAl金属陶瓷涂层的显微结构与力学性能的研究[D]. 西安: 西安交通大学, 2017. LUO Xiaotao.Microstructure and mechanical properties of cold sprayed nanostructured cbn-nicral cermet coatings[D]. Xi’an: Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2017. [14] 所新坤, 杨冠军, 李长久. 镍基金刚石复合涂层的冷喷涂制备[J]. 材料研究与应用, 2009, 3(1): 32-36. SUO Xinkun, YANG Guanjun, LI Changjiu.Preparation of Ni-based alloy diamond composite coatings by cold spray[J]. Materials Research and Application, 2009, 3(1): 32-36. [15] WOO D J, SNEED B, PEERALLY F, et al.Synthesis of nanodiamond-reinforced aluminum metal composite powders and coatings using high-energy ball milling and cold spray[J]. Carbon, 2013, 63: 404-415. [16] WOO D J, HEER F C, BREWER L N, et al.Synthesis of nanodiamond-reinforced aluminum metal matrix composites using cold-spray deposition[J]. Carbon, 2015, 86: 15-25. [17] BAKSHI S R, SINGH V, BALANI K, et al.Carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum composite coating via cold spraying[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2008, 202(21): 5162-5169. [18] AVRIL L, COURANT B, HANTZPERGUE J J.Tribological performance of α-Fe(Cr)-Fe2B-FeB and α-Fe(Cr)-h-BN coatings obtained by laser melting[J]. Wear, 2006, 260(4): 351-360. [19] LI Y J, LUO X T, LI C J.Dependency of deposition behavior, microstructure and properties of cold sprayed Cu on morphology and porosity of the powder[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2017, 328(15): 304-312. [20] ZOLYOMI V, KOLTAI J, KURTI J.Resonance Raman spectroscopy of graphite and graphene[J]. Physica Status Solidi B, 2011, 248(11): 2435-2444. [21] 李洞亭. 低压冷喷涂铜基材料组织性能的研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州理工大学, 2020. LI Dongting.Study on microstructure and properties of low-pressure cold spray copper-based materials[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University of Technology, 2020.
2022, Vol. 27 
