紧耦合式气雾化拉瓦尔喷嘴结构对气体流场的影响

doi:10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2026048

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摘要紧耦合气雾化制粉过程中,拉瓦尔喷嘴结构直接影响气体流场特性,进而决定制粉粒度与性能。本文基于剪切应力输运(shear stress transport, SST) k-ω湍流模型,对不同喉部、出口及入口宽度的拉瓦尔喷嘴进行数值模拟,系统分析其对流场结构、射流速度及抽吸压力的影响。结果表明：喉部宽度是调控流场形态的关键参数,随喉宽增大,流场由“开涡”转为“闭涡”,抽吸压力呈先升后降趋势;适当的出口宽度可略微增强雾化器的抽吸能力;入口宽度在合理范围内变化时,对射流速度、压力分布及抽吸性能影响较小。研究结果可为拉瓦尔喷嘴结构的设计与优化提供理论依据。

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	刘宇辉
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关键词 ：紧耦合气雾化, 拉瓦尔喷嘴, 流场结构, 数值模拟, 抽吸压力

Abstract：The structrue of the Laval nozzle directly influences the characteristics of the gas flow field in the close-coupled gas atomization process, thereby determining the particle size and properties of the produced powder. Based on the shear stress transport k-ω turbulence model, numerical simulations of Laval nozzles with different throat, outlet and inlet widths were conducted to systematically analyze their effects on the flow field structure, jet velocity, and suction pressure. The results indicate that the throat width is a critical parameter regulating flow field morphology, when the throat width increases, the flow field transitions from an “open-wake” to a “closed-wake”, while the suction pressure follows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. An appropriate outlet width shlightly enhances the suction capability of atomizer, variations in the inlet width within a reasonable range have a negligible effect on the jet velocity, pressure distribution, and suction performance. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of Laval nozzles.

Key words： close-coupled gas atomization Laval nozzle flow field structure numerical simulation suction pressure

收稿日期: 2026-04-21 出版日期: 2026-11-12

ZTFLH:

TF123

基金资助:中南大学粉末冶金全国重点实验室自主课题资助项目

通讯作者: 刘咏,教授,博士。电话：0731-88879422;E-mail: yonliu@csu.edu.cn

引用本文:

刘宇辉, 周承商, 刘咏. 紧耦合式气雾化拉瓦尔喷嘴结构对气体流场的影响[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2026, 31(5): 498-507.
LIU Yuhui, ZHOU Chengshang, LIU Yong. Effect of Laval nozzle structrue on gas flow field in close-coupled gas atomization[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2026, 31(5): 498-507.

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http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/CN/10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2026048 或 http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/CN/Y2026/V31/I5/498

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