冷冻铸造-压力浸渗制备仿贝壳层状结构Al/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>复合材料及其性能研究

doi:10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2024096

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摘要受自然材料如珍珠贝的高性能得益于其独特层状结构的启发,结合仿生学理念,本文通过冷冻铸造-压力浸渗技术制备仿贝壳层状结构Al/Al₂O₃复合材料。采用扫描电子显微镜和材料试验机研究玄武岩烧结助剂和烧结温度对多孔Al₂O₃骨架微观结构和抗压强度的影响,采用X射线断层扫描仪观察分析复合材料的微观结构和物相体积分数。结果表明：多孔Al₂O₃骨架具有孔道与陶瓷交替排列的层状结构。该结构的形成机理依赖于冰晶的定向生长,冰晶在生长过程中将陶瓷颗粒推到两侧,形成定向层状结构。加入玄武岩助烧剂或提高烧结温度,可显著提高陶瓷骨架的体积收缩率和抗压强度。Al/Al₂O₃界面可以建立化学键合,使熔体与骨架有效复合。Al/Al₂O₃复合材料具有高致密度,呈现出精细的层状结构,较大程度上实现了仿贝壳结构的设计目标。

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	杨立凯
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关键词 ：冷冻铸造, 真空-压力浸渗, 仿生结构设计, 层状结构, 金属/陶瓷复合材料

Abstract：Drawing inspiration from the high performance of natural materials such as nacres, which derive their advantages from a unique lamellar structure, and combined with the concept of bionics. This study prepared Al/Al₂O₃ composites with a nacre-inspired lamellar structure using freeze casting and pressure infiltration. The effects of basalt sintering aids and sintering temperature on the microstructure and compressive strength of the porous Al₂O₃ framework were studied by scanning electron microscope and material testing machine, and the microstructure and phase volume fraction of the composites were observed and analyzed by micro-CT. The results show that the porous Al₂O₃ framework has a lamellar structure with alternating arrangement of pores and ceramics. The formation mechanism of this structure is attributed to the directional growth of ice crystals, during the growth process, the ice crystals push the ceramic particles to the sides to form the directional lamellar structure. The addition of basalt sintering aids or an increase in sintering temperature can significantly enhance volume shrinkage and compressive strength of ceramic framework. Chemical bonding is established at the Al/Al₂O₃ interface, which enables the melt and skeleton to be effectively composited. Al/Al₂O₃ composites feature high densification and show a delicate lamellar structure, largely achieving the design goal of the nacre-inspired structure.

Key words： freeze casting vacuum-pressure infiltration bioinspired structure design lamellar structure metal/ceramic composite

收稿日期: 2024-10-29 出版日期: 2025-04-08

ZTFLH:

TB333

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(52305370); 甘肃省自然科学基金资助项目(24JRRA199); 兰州理工大学红柳优秀青年人才支持计划资助项目

通讯作者: 杨立凯,副研究员,博士。电话：15002520671;E-mail: yanglikai@lut.edu.cn

引用本文:

杨立凯, 吕博梁, 岑俊池, 林巧力, 石玗. 冷冻铸造-压力浸渗制备仿贝壳层状结构Al/Al₂O₃复合材料及其性能研究[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2025, 30(1): 71-78.
YANG Likai, LÜ Boliang, CEN Junchi, LIN Qiaoli, SHI Yu. Preparation and properties study of nacre-inspired lamellar Al/Al₂O₃ composites by freeze casting and pressure infiltration. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2025, 30(1): 71-78.

链接本文:

http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/CN/10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2024096 或 http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/CN/Y2025/V30/I1/71

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