纳米颗粒增强非晶/纳米晶Ni-P/Ni-W-NbC复合涂层的耐磨及耐蚀性能

齐昌浩; 罗忆; 刘佳晨; 高泽坤; 张敔婷; 徐义库

doi:10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2025065

粉末冶金材料科学与工程 >

2025 , Vol. 30 >Issue 6: 524 - 536

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2025065

工艺技术

纳米颗粒增强非晶/纳米晶Ni-P/Ni-W-NbC复合涂层的耐磨及耐蚀性能

齐昌浩 ,
罗忆 ,
刘佳晨 ,
高泽坤 ,
张敔婷 ,
徐义库

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长安大学材料科学与工程学院,西安 710064

收稿日期: 2025-08-11

修回日期: 2025-10-27

网络出版日期: 2026-01-06

基金资助

陕西省重点研发计划资助项目(2025CY-YBXM-132); 长安大学创新与创业培训计划资助项目(S202510710363,2025 10710001)

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Wear and corrosion resistance of nanoparticle-reinforced amorphous/nanocrystalline Ni-P/Ni-W-NbC composite coatings

QI Changhao ,
LUO Yi ,
LIU Jiachen ,
GAO Zekun ,
ZHANG Yuting ,
XU Yiku

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School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China

Received date: 2025-08-11

Revised date: 2025-10-27

Online published: 2026-01-06

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摘要

为突破传统镀层在强度、耐磨性与耐蚀性协同提升方面的瓶颈,本研究采用脉冲电沉积技术制备Ni-P/Ni-W-NbC纳米复合涂层,并采用扫描电子显微镜、能量色散谱仪、X射线衍射仪等系统研究了NbC纳米颗粒质量浓度对涂层微观结构及性能的影响。结果表明：NbC可通过异质形核显著细化Ni-W涂层晶粒,并在质量浓度阈值(1 g/L)下实现了最佳弥散分布,此时涂层综合性能最优,其显微硬度(HV)达峰值 (1 123.2),摩擦因数最低(0.16),磨损率显著降低。NbC纳米颗粒的质量浓度为1 g/L时,涂层晶粒尺寸最小、结构最致密,NbC通过固溶强化、晶界钉扎及降低孔隙率协同优化了涂层的微观结构。适量NbC (1 g/L)能显著提升涂层在质量分数为3.5%的NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性,表现为电荷转移电阻增大和腐蚀电流密度降低。但过量NbC因颗粒团聚诱发微裂纹和结构缺陷,导致涂层力学性能与耐蚀性能下降。研究阐明了脉冲电沉积中NbC与γ-Ni-W涂层的界面协同强化机制,为开发高硬度、低摩擦且耐蚀的梯度功能涂层提供了理论依据和技术途径。

关键词： Ni-P/Ni-W涂层; 脉冲电沉积; NbC纳米颗粒; 耐磨性; 耐蚀性

本文引用格式

齐昌浩 , 罗忆 , 刘佳晨 , 高泽坤 , 张敔婷 , 徐义库 . 纳米颗粒增强非晶/纳米晶Ni-P/Ni-W-NbC复合涂层的耐磨及耐蚀性能[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2025 , 30(6) : 524 -536 . DOI: 10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2025065

Abstract

To overcome the bottleneck of synergistic enhancement in strength, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of traditional coatings, this study employed pulse electrodeposition to prepare Ni-P/Ni-W-NbC nanocomposite coatings. The effects of NbC nanoparticle mass concentration on the microstructure and properties of the coatings were systematically investigated using scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectroscope, and X-ray diffractometer. The results indicate that NbC significantly refines the grains of the Ni-W coating through heterogeneous nucleation, achieving optimal dispersive distribution at a mass concentration threshold of 1 g/L. At this mass concentration, the coating exhibits optimal comprehensive performance with a peak microhardness (HV) of 1 123.2, the lowest friction factor of 0.16, and a significantly reduced wear rate. When the NbC nanoparticle mass concentration is 1 g/L, the coating possesses the finest grain size and the densest structure. NbC synergistically optimizes the microstructure of the coating through solid solution strengthening, grain boundary pinning, and reduced porosity. An appropriate amount of NbC (1 g/L) significantly enhances the corrosion resistance of the coating in a NaCl solution with a mass fraction of 3.5%, manifested by an increased charge transfer resistance and a decreased corrosion current density. However, excessive NbC leads to particle agglomeration, inducing microcracks and structural defects, which degrade the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the coating. This study elucidates the interfacial synergistic strengthening mechanism between NbC and the γ-Ni-W coating during pulse electrodeposition, providing a theoretical basis and technical pathway for developing gradient functional coatings with high hardness, low friction, and excellent corrosion resistance.

Key words： Ni-P/Ni-W coating; pulse electrodeposition; NbC nanoparticle; wear resistance; corrosion resistance

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