喷雾干燥法制备Cu-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>复合粉末及其复合材料的组织与性能

doi:10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2023003

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摘要用Cu(NO₃)₂∙3H₂O和Al(NO₃)₃∙9H₂O为原料,通过喷雾干燥、焙烧、还原、球磨等制备Cu-Al₂O₃复合粉末,然后热压烧结制备块体Cu-Al₂O₃复合材料,最后通过热锻造实现进一步致密化。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和透射电镜等研究Cu-Al₂O₃复合粉末和块体复合材料的显微组织与形貌,并测试复合材料的抗拉强度和电导率。结果表明,Cu-Al₂O₃复合粉末呈片状,Al₂O₃分布均匀。烧结态复合材料的致密度较低,为95.4%,抗拉强度和导电率仅为306 MPa和89.4%IACS。热锻处理后致密度提高至99.9%,抗拉强度和电导率分别提升至422 MPa和94.8%IACS;Al₂O₃颗粒以γ-Al₂O₃形态均匀分布于基体,晶界处颗粒较大(50~100 nm),晶内颗粒较小(10~20 nm)。

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关键词 ：弥散强化铜复合材料, 喷雾干燥法, 纳米氧化铝颗粒, 热压烧结, 热锻造

Abstract：Aluminum nitrate and copper nitrate were used to prepare Cu-Al₂O₃ composite powders by spray drying, roasting, reduction and ball milling. Cu-Al₂O₃ composites were prepared by hot pressing sintering, eventually the further densification of the materials were achieved by hot forging. The microstructure and morphology of the Cu-Al₂O₃ composite powders and bulk materials were studied by X-ray diffraction scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, the tensile strength and conductivity of the composite materials were also tested. The results indicate that the Cu-Al₂O₃ composite powders are flake and the distribution of Al₂O₃ is uniform. The sintered composites have a low density of 95.4%, the tensile strength and conductivity are only 306 MPa and 89.4%IACS. After hot forging, the density increases to 99.9%, the tensile strength and conductivity increase to 422 MPa and 94.8%IACS. γ-Al₂O₃ particles are uniformly distributed in the copper matrix: large-sized particles (50?100 nm) exist at grain boundaries and small-sized particles (10?20 nm) precipitates within grain boundaries.

Key words： dispersion reinforced copper composites spray drying method nano-alumina particles hot-pressed sintering hot forging

收稿日期: 2023-01-10 出版日期: 2023-03-23

ZTFLH:

TB333

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(52071342)

通讯作者: 甘雪萍,教授,博士。电话：13607437973;E-mail: ganxueping@csu.edu.cn

引用本文:

吴浩, 甘雪萍. 喷雾干燥法制备Cu-Al₂O₃复合粉末及其复合材料的组织与性能[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2023, 28(1): 74-82.
WU Hao, GAN Xueping. Fabrication of Cu-Al₂O₃ composite powder by spray drying and its microstructure, properties. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2023, 28(1): 74-82.

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http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/CN/10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2023003 或 http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/CN/Y2023/V28/I1/74

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