晶界&#x003b1;相构型对TC18近&#x003b2;钛合金强韧性的影响机制

范静娴; 刘超强; 詹孝东; 杨秀烨; 盖晋阳

doi:10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2026010

粉末冶金材料科学与工程 >

2026 , Vol. 31 >Issue 2: 188 - 198

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2026010

工艺技术

晶界α相构型对TC18近β钛合金强韧性的影响机制

范静娴 ,
刘超强 ,
詹孝东 ,
杨秀烨 ,
盖晋阳

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1.中南大学粉末冶金全国重点实验室,长沙 410083;
2.湖南湘投金天钛业科技股份有限公司,常德 415001;
3.中南大学机电工程学院,长沙 410083

收稿日期: 2026-01-21

修回日期: 2026-03-06

网络出版日期: 2026-05-07

基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52371040,52441410,52441406); 湖南省自然科学基金区域联合基金资助项目(2023JJ50333); 贵州省科技项目([2025]025)

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Influence mechanism of grain boundary α phase configuration on the strength and toughness of TC18 near-β titanium alloy

FAN Jingxian ,
LIU Chaoqiang ,
ZHAN Xiaodong ,
YANG Xiuye ,
GE Jinyang

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1. State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Hunan Xiangtou Goldsky Titanium Industry Technology Co., Ltd, Changde 415001, China;
3. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China

Received date: 2026-01-21

Revised date: 2026-03-06

Online published: 2026-05-07

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摘要

近β钛合金凭借优异的强度与韧性,成为航空航天关键结构材料,但强度-塑性-韧性协同匹配仍是其面临的关键挑战。本研究以片层组织的TC18近β钛合金为研究对象,通过双重退火和热锻+双重退火两种工艺,制备不同晶界α构型的合金(C-GB和D-GB),探究晶界α构型对合金强韧性的影响机制。结果表明：C-GB和D-GB合金晶内初生α的含量和尺寸相似,主要区别在于C-GB合金的晶界α相呈连续分布,而D-GB合金的晶界α相为不连续分布。晶界α构型对合金的抗拉强度影响较小,D-GB合金的抗拉强度(1 052.8 MPa)较C-GB合金(986.3 MPa)提升约6.7%,但其对塑性和断裂韧性具有决定性作用,D-GB合金的伸长率和断裂韧性(12%和91.5 MPa·m^1/2)均显著高于C-GB合金(3%和76.7 MPa·m^1/2)。C-GB合金中连续的晶界α相成为裂纹萌生与扩展的优先通道,而D-GB合金中不连续的晶界α相和取向分布杂乱的α片层能避免局部位错塞积,使塑性变形更均匀,进而有效抑制孔洞形核和裂纹扩展。本研究为设计兼具高强度与高损伤容限的钛合金提供了思路。

关键词： TC18钛合金; 晶界α相; 断裂韧性; 裂纹扩展; 孔洞形核

本文引用格式

范静娴 , 刘超强 , 詹孝东 , 杨秀烨 , 盖晋阳 . 晶界α相构型对TC18近β钛合金强韧性的影响机制[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2026 , 31(2) : 188 -198 . DOI: 10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2026010

Abstract

Near-β titanium alloys, owing to their outstanding strength and toughness, have become key structural materials in aerospace applications. However, achieving the synergistic coordination of strength, plasticity, and toughness remains a critical challenge. This study focuses on lamellar structured TC18 near-β titanium alloy. By employing two different processes, namely dual annealing and forging combined with dual annealing, alloys with distinct grain boundary α configurations (C-GB and D-GB) were prepared. The aim is to investigate the influence mechanism of grain boundary α configuration on the strength and toughness of the alloy. The results indicate that the content and size of primary α phase within the grains are similar in both C-GB and D-GB alloys. The main difference lies in the distribution of the grain boundary α phase, which is continuous in the C-GB alloy, while it exhibits a discontinuous distribution in the D-GB alloy. The grain boundary α configuration has a minor effect on the tensile strength of the alloy, the tensite strength of D-GB alloy (1 052.8 MPa) is approximately 6.7% higher than that of the C-GB alloy (986.3 MPa). However, it plays a decisive role in plasticity and fracture toughness. The elongation and fracture toughness of the D-GB alloy (12% and 91.5 MPa·m^1/2) are significantly higher than those of the C-GB alloy (3% and 76.7 MPa·m^1/2). In the C-GB alloy, the continuous grain boundary α phase acts as a preferential pathway for crack initiation and propagation. In contrast, in the D-GB alloy, the discontinuous grain boundary α phase and the randomly oriented α lamellae prevent local dislocation pile-up, leading to more uniform plastic deformation, then effectively inhibiting void nucleation and crack propagation. This study provides insights for designing titanium alloys with both high strength and high damage tolerance.

Key words： TC18 titanium alloy; grain boundary α phase; fracture toughness; crack propagation; void nucleation

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