铜基体组织调控是突破碳纳米片/铜复合材料强度-塑性倒置关系的有效途径。本文采用粉末冶金技术原位合成碳纳米片/铜复合材料,并对其进行冷轧变形和退火处理,探究冷轧变形及退火温度对原位碳纳米片/铜复合材料微观组织和力学性能的影响及作用机制。结果表明：在轧制过程中,原位碳纳米片/铜复合材料中铜基体的晶粒尺寸随变形量增加而减小,形成{110}〈113〉织构,同时位错密度也显著增大。在晶粒细化、形变织构和位错强化的共同作用下,原位碳纳米片/铜复合材料的强度显著提高,尤其是变形量为40%时,增强效果最明显,复合材料的屈服强度、抗拉强度分别达到332 MPa、375 MPa,较未变形的复合材料分别提高了73.8%和22.1%,但由于织构的形成,复合材料的塑性变形能力降低,伸长率仅保持在6.7%。退火后,由于铜基体内的位错回复或再结晶,晶粒取向也更加均匀,冷变形碳纳米片/铜复合材料的强度略有降低,但塑性回升,在200 ℃时表现出最佳的强度与塑性匹配。此时,复合材料的屈服强度、抗拉强度和伸长率分别达到284 MPa、373 MPa和10.6%,其抗拉强度较初始态提高了21.5%,而伸长率仅降低2.1%。
The microstructure regulation of the copper matrix constitutes an effective way to overcome the inverse relationship between the strength and plasticity of carbon nanosheet/Cu composites. In this paper, the composites were in-situ synthesized by powder metallurgy technology and subjected to cold-rolling deformation and annealing treatment. The influences of cold-rolling deformation and annealing temperature on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the in-situ synthesized carbon nanosheet/Cu composites and the corresponding mechanism were investigated. The results show that during the rolling process, the grain size of Cu matrix is gradually reduced with the increase of cold-rolling amount, forming a {110}〈113〉 texture, as well as the density of dislocations increase greatly. With the effects of grain refinement, deformation texture and dislocation strengthening, the strength of the carbon nanosheet/Cu composites is significantly enhanced, especially, the composite with the deformation amount of 40% exhibits the most obvious enhancement, the yield strength and tensile strength reaches 332 MPa and 375 MPa, respectively, which are enhanced by 73.8% and 22.1% in comparison with the undeformed composites, however, due to the formation of deformation texture, the plasticity decreases, and the elongation is only maintained at 6.7%. After annealing, there is a slight reduction in the strength of the cold deformed carbon nanosheet/Cu composites but the plasticity restores because of the dislocation recovery or recrystallization of the copper matrix and the more uniform grain orientation. The composite annealed at 200 ℃ exhibits the best matching of strength and plasticity, and the best mechanical properties with the yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation of 284 MPa, 373 MPa, and 10.6%, respectively, the tensile strength is increased by 21.5% compared with the initial state, and its elongation is decreased by only 2.1%.
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