为了减小SiC基复合材料的热膨胀系数,本文将正热膨胀材料SiC与负热膨胀材料β-锂霞石进行复合,制备出一种近零膨胀的SiC基复合材料,并系统研究β-锂霞石含量对材料孔隙率、微观结构、热性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明：随β-锂霞石含量增加,材料孔隙率降低,闭孔率增加,孔隙由不规则形状逐渐转变为球形。在孔隙率和β-锂霞石相的双重作用下,材料热膨胀系数减小。当β-锂霞石的质量分数从20%增加至50%时,材料在30~1 200 ℃的平均热膨胀系数从2.30×10-6 K-1减小至-0.80×10-6 K-1,孔隙率从36.9%降低至12.9%,导热系数从6.31 W/(m∙K)增大至8.85 W/(m∙K),抗压强度从176.3 MPa提高至375.6 MPa。
In order to reduce the thermal expansion coefficient of SiC-based composites, this paper composited positive thermal expansion material SiC and negative thermal expansion material β-eucryptite to prepare a near-zero expansion SiC-based composite, and systematically studied the effects of β-eucryptite content on the porosity, microstructure, thermal and mechanical properties of the material. The results show that with the increase of β-eucryptite content, the porosity of the material decreases, the closed porosity increases, and the pores gradually change from irregular shape to spherical shape. Under the dual effect of porosity and β-eucryptite phase, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material decreases. When the mass fraction of β-eucryptite increases from 20% to 50%, the average coefficient of thermal expansion of the material at 30-1 200 ℃ decreases from 2.30×10-6 K-1 to -0.80×10-6 K-1, the porosity decreases from 36.9% to 12.9%, the thermal conductivity increases from 6.31 W/(m·K) to 8.85 W/(m·K), and the compressive strength increases from 176.3 MPa to 375.6 MPa.
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