超高强铝合金的局部腐蚀行为

张芊芊; 朱梦真; 陈旭斌; 许永祥; 胡晓语; 方华婵

doi:10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2024047

粉末冶金材料科学与工程 >

2024 , Vol. 29 >Issue 4: 298 - 310

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2024047

工艺技术

超高强铝合金的局部腐蚀行为

张芊芊 ,
朱梦真 ,
陈旭斌 ,
许永祥 ,
胡晓语 ,
方华婵

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中南大学粉末冶金国家重点实验室,长沙 410083

收稿日期: 2024-05-11

修回日期: 2024-06-22

网络出版日期: 2024-09-30

基金资助

国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2005CB623704); 国家自然科学基金委员会创新研究群体科学基金资助项目(50721003); 国家自然科学基金资助项目(50471057); 中南大学大型仪器设备共享基金资助项目(CSUZC202109)

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Local corrosion behavior of ultra-high-strength aluminum alloys

ZHANG Qianqian ,
ZHU Mengzhen ,
CHEN Xubin ,
XU Yongxiang ,
HU Xiaoyu ,
FANG Huachan

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State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China

Received date: 2024-05-11

Revised date: 2024-06-22

Online published: 2024-09-30

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摘要

采用传统熔炼铸造法制备Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金,通过晶间、剥落、应力和电化学腐蚀实验,结合金相显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜等表征手段,研究再结晶和结晶相对合金腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明：再结晶程度更低和残余结晶相更少的Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr合金具有更好的耐腐蚀性能,腐蚀48 h后的剥落腐蚀等级为EB,弯曲张应力为522 MPa时的应力腐蚀裂纹萌生时间为30 min,电化学腐蚀速率变慢。超高强铝合金的腐蚀分为3个阶段：腐蚀初期,点蚀在残余结晶相(S相)和晶界析出相(η相)周围发生;腐蚀中期,点蚀沿大角度晶界发展为晶间腐蚀,裂纹在S相附近形成并沿大角度晶界扩展,导致应力腐蚀开裂;腐蚀后期,腐蚀产物膨胀以及晶间腐蚀和应力腐蚀开裂的共同作用引发剥落腐蚀。残余结晶相和再结晶对合金腐蚀性能有不利影响,基体中残留的S相为腐蚀提供了发生位点,η相在再结晶形成的大角度晶界上连续分布,为晶间腐蚀和应力腐蚀裂纹扩展提供连续通道。

关键词： Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金; 显微组织; 再结晶; 第二相; 腐蚀性能

本文引用格式

张芊芊 , 朱梦真 , 陈旭斌 , 许永祥 , 胡晓语 , 方华婵 . 超高强铝合金的局部腐蚀行为[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2024 , 29(4) : 298 -310 . DOI: 10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2024047

Abstract

Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys were prepared by the traditional melt casting method. The effects of recrystallization and crystalline phase on the corrosion behavior of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys were investigated through intergranular, exfoliation, stress, and electrochemical corrosion experiments, combined with characterization means such as metallurgical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr alloy with lower degree of recrystallization and fewer residual crystalline phases has better corrosion resistance, the grade of exfoliation corrosion after 48 h of corrosion is EB, the time of stress corrosion crack initiation with bending tensile stress of 522 MPa is 30 min, and the rate of electrochemical corrosion becomes slower. The corrosion of ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy has three stages: at the early stage, pitting corrosion occurs around the residual crystalline phase (S phase) and the grain boundary precipitate phase (η phase); at the middle stage, pitting corrosion develops into intergranular corrosion along the high-angle grain boundary, and cracks are formed in the vicinity of the S phase and expand along the high-angle grain boundaries, leading to stress corrosion cracking; at the late stage, the expansion of corrosion products as well as the combined effect of intergranular corrosion and stress corrosion cracking trigger the exfoliation corrosion. The residual crystalline phase and recrystallization have a detrimental effect on its corrosion performance, the residual S phase in the matrix provides a site for corrosion to occur, and the η phase is continuously distributed on the high-angle grain boundaries formed by recrystallization, which provides a continuous channel for the expansion of intergranular corrosion and stress corrosion cracking.

Key words： Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy; microstructure; recrystallization; secondary phase; corrosion property

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