Cu-Fe alloys have excellent electrical and thermal conductivity and unique electromagnetic shielding property, low cost and wide application, but is prone to component segregation. In order to solve the problem, Cu-Fe alloy coatings were prepared by electric co-deposition with CuSO4∙5H2O and FeSO4∙7H2O as raw materials. The coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer, and transmission electron microscopy. The effects of current density, main salt ion concentration, and complexing agent concentration on the content and microstructure of the coatings were studied, and the growth process of the coating was explored. The results show that when the concentrations of Fe2+, Cu2+, and citric acid (complexing agent) are 0.016, 0.04, and 0.2 mol/L, respectively, current density is 2.0 A/dm2, the Cu-Fe alloy coating is bright and smooth without cracks, and has a high Fe content (w(Fe)=14.87%). The distribution of Cu and Fe in the coating is uniform, and there is no single Fe phase, which proves that metastable alloy is formed during electric co-deposition. Nanocrystals are widely distributed in the coating, with grain sizes ranging from 20 nm to 100 nm. Cu-Fe coating grows densely from small dendrites, and then differentiate into small particles. The particles grow gradually with the extension of time, and there is significant preferential growth and obvious gap between particles. The non-uniform electric field and nucleation position distribution are the main reasons leading to the disordered growth of dendrites.
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