用Cu(NO3)2∙3H2O和Al(NO3)3∙9H2O为原料,通过喷雾干燥、焙烧、还原、球磨等制备Cu-Al2O3复合粉末,然后热压烧结制备块体Cu-Al2O3复合材料,最后通过热锻造实现进一步致密化。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和透射电镜等研究Cu-Al2O3复合粉末和块体复合材料的显微组织与形貌,并测试复合材料的抗拉强度和电导率。结果表明,Cu-Al2O3复合粉末呈片状,Al2O3分布均匀。烧结态复合材料的致密度较低,为95.4%,抗拉强度和导电率仅为306 MPa和89.4%IACS。热锻处理后致密度提高至99.9%,抗拉强度和电导率分别提升至422 MPa和94.8%IACS;Al2O3颗粒以γ-Al2O3形态均匀分布于基体,晶界处颗粒较大(50~100 nm),晶内颗粒较小(10~20 nm)。
Aluminum nitrate and copper nitrate were used to prepare Cu-Al2O3 composite powders by spray drying, roasting, reduction and ball milling. Cu-Al2O3 composites were prepared by hot pressing sintering, eventually the further densification of the materials were achieved by hot forging. The microstructure and morphology of the Cu-Al2O3 composite powders and bulk materials were studied by X-ray diffraction scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, the tensile strength and conductivity of the composite materials were also tested. The results indicate that the Cu-Al2O3 composite powders are flake and the distribution of Al2O3 is uniform. The sintered composites have a low density of 95.4%, the tensile strength and conductivity are only 306 MPa and 89.4%IACS. After hot forging, the density increases to 99.9%, the tensile strength and conductivity increase to 422 MPa and 94.8%IACS. γ-Al2O3 particles are uniformly distributed in the copper matrix: large-sized particles (50?100 nm) exist at grain boundaries and small-sized particles (10?20 nm) precipitates within grain boundaries.
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