对电磁发射实验后的CuCrZr 合金轨道进行拆解,结合扫描电镜、X射线能谱、X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱及电子背散射衍射等,对轨道表面沿发射方向4个区域的表面沉积层特征和磨损机理进行研究。结果表明,大部分轨道表面被沉积层覆盖,沉积层的厚度沿发射方向由薄变厚再变薄,最厚处的厚度达65 μm,沉积层的主要成分为Cu、Al、Al2O3和Al4Cu9等。轨道表面出现剥落、犁沟与流水状组织,呈现附着磨屑、孔洞、塞积和胞状枝晶等典型特征,表现出机械和电气磨损的混合状态。不同区域的沉积层特征差别明显,包括厚度、孔洞尺寸及数量、沉积层内部的微观结构,以及裂纹和表面形貌等。沉积层和轨道之间的界面发生扩散行为,形成扩散界面。沉积层的晶粒取向垂直于轨道表面。
The dismantling study on the CuCrZr alloy orbital after the electromagnetic emission experiment was carried out. Combined with canning electron microscopy (SEM), energy X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) etc., the surface of the orbital surface in four regions along the emission direction was analyzed. The deposition characteristics and wear mechanism were studied. The results show that most of the rail surface is covered by deposition. The thickness of the deposition layer tends to be thin to thick, and then to thin again in the second half of rail, and the thickest position reaches 65 μm. The main components of the deposition are Cu, Al, Al2O3 and Al4Cu9, etc. There are some typical features in the deposition layer, including spalling, grooving, water-like structure, surface-attached wear debris, pores, packed pores and cellular-dendrites, which shows a mixed state of mechanical and electrical wear. The characteristics of the deposition layer in different regions are obviously different, including thickness, size and number of pores, microstructure inside the deposition, cracks, surface morphologies, etc. Diffusion occures at the interface between the deposition layer and the rail, forming a diffusion interface. And the grain orientation of the deposition layer is perpendicular to the rail surface.
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