一步法剥离-氟化h-BN粉末对复合材料高温介电储能性能的增强机制

doi:10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2026029

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摘要为满足薄膜电容器在高温极端环境下的应用需求,本文基于粉末表面工程,采用一步法超声剥离-同步氟化工艺,制备表面氟化改性氮化硼纳米片(fluorinated boron nitride nanosheet, F-BNNS),并将F-BNNS分散于聚醚酰亚胺(polyetherimide, PEI)基体中制备纳米复合薄膜,研究复合薄膜的高温介电性能、高温击穿场强和储能性能。结果表明：本文实现了六方氮化硼(h-BN)的剥离与表面化学活性位点的构筑。F-BNNS的引入可显著提升复合薄膜的高温击穿场强与储能密度,其在150 ℃分别达575 MV/m和5.01 J/cm³,在200 ℃分别达501 MV/m和3.89 J/cm³,性能远超纯PEI薄膜及填充未改性BN的复合薄膜。粉末表面氟化工程在BNNS表面引入了强电负性氟化层与深能级陷阱,可有效调控填料-基体界面处的电荷输运与能带结构,从而在高温下显著抑制漏电流与空间电荷积累,为通过功能填料设计制备高性能高温聚合物介电材料提供了新策略。

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	马小琴
	杨丰源
	赵东旭
	谢玫伶
	金旭东
	王健

关键词 ： h-BN粉末, 表面氟化, 高温绝缘, 储能性能, 复合电介质薄膜

Abstract：To meet the demand of film capacitors under high-temperature extreme conditions, this work employed a powder surface engineering strategy to prepare surface fluorinated boron nitride nanosheet (F-BNNS) via a one-step ultrasonic exfoliation and simultaneous fluorination process. The F-BNNS was dispersed into a polyetherimide (PEI) matrix to fabricate nanocomposite films, and their high-temperature dielectric peformance, high-temperature breakdown strength, and energy storage performance were investigated. The results show that the exfoliation of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and the construction of surface chemical active sites have been achieved in this paper. The incorporation of F-BNNS significantly enhances the high-temperature breakdown strength and energy density, achieving 575 MV/m and 5.01 J/cm³ at 150 ℃, and 501 MV/m and 3.89 J/cm³ at 200 ℃, far superior to pure PEI film and composite film with unmodified BN. The powder surface fluorination engineering introduces a highly electronegative fluorinated layer and deep energy level traps on BNNS, modulating charge transport and energy band structure at the filler-matrix interface, which significantly suppresses leakage current and space charge accumulation at high temperature, offering a new strategy for designing and preparing high-performance high-temperature polymer dielectrics via functional filler densign.

Key words： h-BN powder surface fluorination high-temperature insulation energy storage performance composite dielectric film

收稿日期: 2026-03-18 出版日期: 2026-09-08

ZTFLH:

TB33

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(52503094); 宁夏青年科技托举项目(032403061011); 宁夏自然科学基金资助项目(2023AAC03104)

通讯作者: 王健,副教授,博士。电话：15619383781;E-mail: wangjian@nxu.edu.com

引用本文:

马小琴, 杨丰源, 赵东旭, 谢玫伶, 金旭东, 王健. 一步法剥离-氟化h-BN粉末对复合材料高温介电储能性能的增强机制[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2026, 31(4): 413-422.
MA Xiaoqin, YANG Fengyuan, ZHAO Dongxu, XIE Meiling, JIN Xudong, WANG Jian. Enhancement mechanism of one-step exfoliation-fluorination of h-BN powder on high-temperature dielectric energy storage of composites[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2026, 31(4): 413-422.

链接本文:

http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/CN/10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2026029 或 http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/CN/Y2026/V31/I4/413

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