Dynamic recrystallization kinetics model and deformation behavior in Ni-15%Pt alloy target under 135° clock rolling
XU Xin1,2, XU Rui1,2,*, FENG Guofang3, LI Wei1,2,4, SHEN Bangpo1,2,4, MA Shengcan1,2,4
1. Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetic Metallic Materials and Devices/Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Rare Earth Magnetic Functional Materials and Physics, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; 2. National Rare Earth Functional Material Innovation Center/Guorui Scientific Innovation Rare Earth Functional Materials Co., Ltd, Ganzhou 341000, China; 3. Technolopy Analysis and Testing Center, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000, China; 4. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
Abstract：Based on the work hardening rate-stress (θ-σ) curves, the critical strain model and kinetics model for dynamic recrystallization were established for Ni-15%Pt (mass fraction) alloy target. Three rolling processes were designed, such as clock 135° synchronous rolling, clock 135° asynchronous rolling, and clock 135° snake rolling. Combined with DEFORM-3D numerical simulations, a comparative study was conducted on the metal flow velocity, equivalent strain distribution, and rolling force of the rolled pieces under synchronous and asynchronous rolling processes. The evolution of the equivalent strain at the core of the rolled pieces under the three processes was analyzed, and the damage values under clock 135° snake rolling with different offset distances were compared. The results indicate that clock 135° asynchronous rolling induces a deeper deformation layer and higher metal flow velocity and equivalent strain compared to synchronous rolling. Moreover, the maximum rolling force during asynchronous rolling is reduced by up to 22.21%, as part of the energy is utilized to generate cross shear stress, thereby reducing the risk of defect formation. Under clock 135° snake rolling, a minimum damage value of 0.97 is achieved at an offset distance of 8 mm, which effectively corrects the plate warping induced by asynchronous rolling. This study provides important guidance for the parameter setting of hot rolling processes for metal and alloy targets.
[1] KIM K, CHOI S, BONG H, et al.Catalytic nickel silicide as an alternative to noble metals in metal-assisted chemical etching of silicon[J]. Nanoscale, 2023, 15(33): 13685-13691. [2] HOU A Y, TING Y H, TAI K L, et al.Atomic-scale silicidation of low resistivity Ni-Si system through in-situ TEM investigation[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2021, 538: 148129. [3] QUERTITE K, GAO J B, DESCOINS M, et al.Effect of Co, Pd and Pt ultra-thin films on the Ni-silicide formation: investigating the sandwich configuration[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2022, 57(10): 5894-5912. [4] ANAK F M, CAMPOS A, GRÉGOIRE M, et al. Influence of the annealing schemes on the formation and stability of Ni(Pt)Si thin films: partial, laser, total, and one-step annealings[J]. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 2024, 184: 108806. [5] GRÉGOIRE M, ANAK F M, VERDIER S, et al. On the influence of Ni(Pt)Si thin film formation on agglomeration threshold temperature and its impact on 3D imaging technology integration[J]. Microelectronic Engineering, 2023, 271: 111937. [6] KINNO T, AKUTSU H, TOMITA M, et al.Influence of multi-hit capability on quantitative measurement of NiPtSi thin film with laser-assisted atom probe tomography[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2012, 259: 726-730. [7] NING Z D, WANG Y Q, LI S X, et al.The sputtering performance of Ag sputtering targets with different microstructure[J]. Vacuum, 2023, 210: 111888. [8] BAI J H, XIONG X D, LUO J F, et al.Progress of microstructure and texture of high purity tantalum sputtering target[J]. Materials Science Forum, 2021, 1035: 704-711. [9] 樊磊磊, 刘颖, 要宇鹏, 等. 冷变形与退火对原位碳纳米片/铜复合材料组织和力学性能的影响[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2025, 30(1): 22-34. FAN Leilei, LIU Ying, YAO Yupeng, et al.Influences of cold deformation and annealing on the microstructures and mechanical properties of in-situ carbon nanosheet/copper composites[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2025, 30(1): 22-34. [10] 陈送义, 刘强, 陈康华, 等. 低温轧制及时效热处理对Al-Zn-Mg铝合金显微组织与性能的影响[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2020, 25(1): 16-26. CHEN Songyi, LIU Qiang, CHEN Kanghua, et al.Effect of cryogenic rolling and aging heat treatment on microstructure and properties of Al-Zn-Mg aluminum alloy[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2020, 25(1): 16-26. [11] 卢思哲, 刘祖铭, 李全, 等. 热轧变形对Fe-14Cr-3W-0.4Ti合金显微组织和力学性能的影响[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2021, 26(6): 567-574. LU Sizhe, LIU Zuming, LI Quan, et al.Effect of hot rolled deformation on microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-14Cr-3W-0.4Ti alloy[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2021, 26(6): 567-574. [12] GAMIN Y, AKOPYAN T, GALKIN S, et al.Effect of radial shear rolling on grain refinement and mechanical properties of the Al-Mg-Sc alloy[J]. Journal of Materials Research, 2023, 38(20): 4542-4558. [13] JIANG P, LIU D W, ZOU H X, et al.Effect of multi-path asynchronous rolling process on microstructure and mechanical properties of ZK60 magnesium alloy[J]. Materials, 2024, 17(7): 1647. [14] JIANG L Y, ZHAO C J, YUAN G, et al.Thicker steel plate shape-changing law and control method during the snake rolling process[J]. Metallurgical Research & Technology, 2016, 113(3): 309. [15] LI S Y, QIN N, LIU J, et al.Microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of AA1060 aluminum plate processed by snake rolling[J]. Materials & Design, 2016, 90: 1010-1017. [16] DUAN Y L, XU G F, TANG L, et al.Excellent high strain rate superplasticity of Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy sheet produced by an improved asymmetrical rolling process[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2017, 715: 311-321. [17] MOHAMMADZEHI S, ROOSTAEI M, MIRZADEH H, et al.Effect of cold rolling route and annealing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AISI 316 L stainless steel[J]. Materials Characterization, 2024, 214: 114072. [18] ZHANG J, ZHANG C H, ZHU W G, et al.Quantitative characterization of Zr60700 alloy plate rolling in different directions based on electron back-scatter diffraction[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2024, 30: 6321-6331. [19] LIU Y H, ZHU Q Q, YANG X K, et al.Deformation mechanism of metastable oriented grains in high-purity tantalum under different strain paths[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2024, 30: 5465-5473. [20] 曹招, 谭敦强, 唐晔, 等. 135°周向轧制对高纯铌组织均匀性的优化[J]. 稀有金属材料与工程, 2022, 51(5): 1705-1712. CAO Zhao, TAN Dunqiang, TANG Ye, et al.Optimization of 135° clock-rolling for microstructure uniformity of high- purity niobium[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering, 2022, 51(5): 1705-1712. [21] 谭鑫, 张智晨, 唐赛, 等. 晶体塑性模拟研究冷轧变形与热处理对7085铝合金织构及平面各向异性的影响[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2024, 29(6): 464-476. TAN Xin, ZHANG Zhichen, TANG Sai, et al.Crystal plasticity simulation studying the effects of cold rolling deformation and heat treatment on the texture and planar anisotropy of 7085 aluminum alloy[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2024, 29(6): 464-476. [22] 崔利群, 韩胜利, 施麒, 等. 钨铜粉末轧制的有限元模拟研究[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2019, 24(5): 406-412. CUI Liqun, HAN Shengli, SHI Qi, et al.Finite element simulation study on the process of tungsten-copper powder rolling[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2019, 24(5): 406-412. [23] 张强, 李慧中, 梁霄鹏, 等. 基于数值模拟的粉末冶金TiAl合金叶片模锻工艺研究[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2021, 26(1): 1-8. ZHANG Qiang, LI Huizhong, LIANG Xiaopeng, et al.Research on die forging process of powder metallurgy TiAl alloy blade based on numerical simulation[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2021, 26(1): 1-8. [24] ZHANG T, WU Y X, GONG H, et al.Effects of rolling parameters of snake hot rolling on strain distribution of aluminum alloy 7075[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2014, 24(7): 2150-2156. [25] JIANG L Y, YANG R W, XUE Z W, et al.The theoretical model of the effective strain establishment for the plate during the snake rolling[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2023, 128(11): 4763-4775. [26] YANG J X, LI S Y, LIU J, et al.Finite element analysis of bending behavior and strain heterogeneity in snake rolling of AA7050 plates using a hyperbolic sine-type constitutive law[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2017, 240: 274-283. [27] XU Y, HU L X, SUN Y.Dynamic recrystallization kinetics of as-cast AZ91D alloy[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2014, 24(6): 1683-1689. [28] LIU M T, TIAN Y, WANG Y, et al.Critical conditions for dynamic recrystallization of S280 ultra-high-strength stainless steel based on work hardening rate[J]. Metals, 2022, 12(7): 1123. [29] LIN X J, HUANG H J, YUAN X G, et al.Study on high-temperature deformation mechanical behavior and dynamic recrystallization kinetics model of Ti-47.5Al-2.5V- 1.0Cr-0.2Zr alloy[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2022, 891: 162105. [30] ZHAO D Q, YANG Y S, ZHOU J X, et al.Constitutive modeling for dynamic recrystallization kinetics of Mg-4Zn-2Al-2Sn alloy[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2018, 28(2): 340-347. [31] 尹畅畅, 余登德, 陈家林, 等. NiPt15合金热变形行为及微观组织演变规律[J]. 材料导报, 2021, 35(10): 10120-10126. YIN Changchang, YU Dengde, CHEN Jialin, et al.Hot deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of NiPt15 alloy[J]. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(10): 10120-10126. [32] AUNE S, MORIN D, LANGSETH M, et al.Experimental and numerical study on the tensile ductility of an aluminium alloy with heat-affected zones[J]. European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids, 2024, 105: 105239. [33] HOANG N H, MORIN D, LANGSETH M.Testing and modelling of butt-welded connections in thin-walled aluminium structures[J]. Thin-Walled Structures, 2022, 171: 108681. [34] CHEN X W, YANG Z, ZHANG B, et al.An inverse optimization method for the parameter determination of the high-temperature damage model and high-temperature damage graph of Ti6Al4V alloy[J]. Materials, 2023, 16(13): 4770. [35] PATER Z, TOMCZAK J, BULZAK T, et al.Novel damage calibration test based on cross-wedge rolling[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2021, 13: 2016-2025. [36] BARIK S K, NARAYANAN R G, SAHOO N.Assessment of stress-strain constitutive models and failure models on the shock tube based impact forming of AA 5052-H32 sheet[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2022, 74: 573-591. [37] BARIMANI-VARANDI A, AGHCHAI A J, LAMBIASE F.Failure behavior in electrically-assisted mechanical clinching joints[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2021, 68: 1683-1693. [38] POLIAK E I, JONAS J J.A one-parameter approach to determining the critical conditions for the initiation of dynamic recrystallization[J]. Acta Materialia, 1996, 44(1): 127-136. [39] SELLARS C M, WHITEMAN J A.Recrystallization and grain growth in hot rolling[J]. Metal Science, 1979, 13(3/4): 187-194. [40] SERAJZADEH S, TAHERI A K.Prediction of flow stress at hot working condition[J]. Mechanics Research Communications, 2003, 30(1): 87-93. [41] LI Y P, SONG R B, WEN E D, et al.Hot deformation and dynamic recrystallization behavior of austenite-based low- density Fe-Mn-Al-C steel[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2016, 29(5): 441-449. [42] OBIKO J O, MWEMA F M, BODUNRIN M O.Finite element simulation of X20CrMoV121 steel billet forging process using the Deform 3D software[J]. SN Applied Sciences, 2019, 1(9): 1044. [43] HE C Y, GUO J, WANG S C, et al.Simulation research on influence of temperature distribution on deformation permeability in plate[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2020, 1699(1): 012036. [44] XU R, XU X, MA S C.Effects of process parameters on microstructure evolution of pure aluminum target under clock 135° collaborative hot rolling: a simulation study[J]. Metals, 2024, 14(10): 1166. [45] WANG J, LIU X H, SUN X K.Study on the relationship between asymmetrical rolling deformation zone configuration and rolling parameters[J]. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 2020, 187: 105905. [46] XU L F, YU K, WANG L, et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of pure copper plate processed by novel dynamic offsets and shear force adjustment rolling[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2024, 29: 558-570.
2026, Vol. 31 
