助熔剂法中碳酸钠与氯化钠对二氧化铈微纳米形貌的调控机制

doi:10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2025046

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摘要 CeO₂成本低廉、应用广泛,对其进行形貌调控是一直以来的重要课题。本文采用助熔剂法对块状CeO₂进行球化,系统探究Na₂CO₃、NaCl及其复合助熔剂对CeO₂形貌调控的作用机制。结果表明：助熔剂种类与浓度会显著影响CeO₂的球形化过程,Na₂CO₃在900 ℃以上通过化学活性作用促进微米级(约5 μm)近球形颗粒形成,其机理涉及Na⁺晶格掺杂与氧空位协同效应,在1 000 ℃、Na₂CO₃和原料的质量比为1.8∶10时可获得圆度为0.80的高品质球形CeO₂;而NaCl主要通过物理熔盐效应诱导纳米级(500~800 nm)颗粒生成,但存在严重团聚问题。复合助熔剂体系中两种组分呈现作用机制冲突,导致球形度劣于单一体系。研究证实工艺调控可突破传统固相法形貌控制瓶颈,其中Na₂CO₃体系兼具工艺简单、成本低廉与产物分散性高的特点,为工业化生产中在1~10 μm范围内制备粒径可调的球形CeO₂提供了新的参考思路。

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	杨志鹏
	甘雪萍
	刘荣辉

关键词 ：氧化铈, 固相法, 烧结, 助熔剂, 形貌调控

Abstract：As an economically viable material with extensive applications, morphology regulation of CeO₂ has remained a critical challenge. This study developed a flux method for spheroidizing blocky CeO₂, with systematic investigation into the regulatory mechanisms of Na₂CO₃, NaCl, and their composite fluxes on CeO₂ morphology. The results reveal flux type and concentration can significantly affect the spheroidization process of CeO₂. Na₂CO₃ facilitates micro-scale (~5 μm) quasi-spherical particle evolution above 900 ℃ through chemically activated mechanisms combining Na⁺ lattice intercalation and oxygen vacancy compensation. Optimized spherical CeO₂ with sphericity index 0.80 is achieved at 1 000 ℃ when mass ratio of Na₂CO₃ and raw materials is 1.8∶10. Comparatively, NaCl-dominated systems generate nano-sized particles (500-800 nm) via physical fluxing effects but exhibit pronounced agglomeration. The composite flux system demonstrate antagonistic interactions between components, leading to degraded sphericity relative to single-component counterparts. This work confirms that process regulation can overcome intrinsic limitations of conventional solid-phase method morphology control. The Na₂CO₃-dominated system features operational simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and superior particle dispersibility, offering a scalable pathway for industrial synthesis of spherical CeO₂ with precisely tunable diameters (1-10 μm).

Key words： CeO₂ solid-phase method sintering flux morphology control

收稿日期: 2025-05-16 出版日期: 2025-11-27

ZTFLH:

TF845.6

通讯作者: 甘雪萍,教授,博士。电话：13607437973;E-mail: ganxueping@csu.edu.cn

引用本文:

杨志鹏, 甘雪萍, 刘荣辉. 助熔剂法中碳酸钠与氯化钠对二氧化铈微纳米形貌的调控机制[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2025, 30(5): 456-470.
YANG Zhipeng, GAN Xueping, LIU Ronghui. Regulatory mechanisms of Na₂CO₃ and NaCl on the micro-nano morphology of CeO₂ in the flux method. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2025, 30(5): 456-470.

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http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/CN/10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2025046 或 http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/CN/Y2025/V30/I5/456

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