占位剂K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>对NiCu合金多孔膜孔结构的影响

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摘要以Ni元素粉末为原料,K₂SO₄粉末为占位剂,将Ni-K₂SO₄混合粉末加入聚乙烯缩丁醛(PVB)乙醇溶液中制成浆料,刮涂在Cu箔上,利用Kirkendall效应,经真空烧结制备多孔NiCu合金膜。研究K₂SO₄含量对NiCu合金多孔膜收缩率、透气度、孔径、宏观和微观形貌的影响。结果表明：随Ni-K₂SO₄混合粉末中的w(K₂SO₄)增加,多孔膜的透气度先增大后减小。当w(K₂SO₄)<40%时,随w(K₂SO₄)增加,膜层的烧结收缩率减小,透气度增大,最大达到2 361 m³/(m²·h·kPa),最大孔径在45 µm左右变化不大;w(K₂SO₄)大于40%时,多孔膜的透气度下降,孔径明显减小;当w(K₂SO₄)>60%,膜层透气度低于测试仪器下限。适量的K₂SO₄通过在涂覆层中的占位作用阻碍Ni颗粒烧结致密化,提高多孔膜的透气度,但过量的K₂SO₄会在烧结过程中阻断Cu原子向Ni粉层扩散,使Cu箔上难以形成通孔,透气度大幅降低。

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	冯路利
	喻林萍
	干庆展
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	贺跃辉

关键词 ： K₂SO₄, 多孔膜, NiCu合金, 透气度, 孔径, 占位剂

Abstract：The Ni-K₂SO₄ mixed powder, in which Ni element powder is the raw material, and K₂SO₄ powder is the space-holder, is added into the polyvinyl butyral (PVB) ethanol solution to make a slurry, which is coated on the Cu foil. NiCu alloy porous membrane was prepared basing on Kirkendall effect by vacuum sintering. The influence of K₂SO₄contenton on area shrinkage, permeability, pore size, macro and micro morphologies of porous membrane and the influence of K₂SO₄ on the pore structure of porous membranes at different temperatures were investigated. The effect mechanism of K₂SO₄on pore structure of the porous alloy membrane during sintering process was also studied. The results show that with the increase of w(K₂SO₄) in Ni-K₂SO₄ mixed powder, the permeability of porous membrane first increases and then decreases. When the mass fraction of K₂SO₄ is lower than 40%, with the increase of K₂SO₄ content, the shrinkage rate of the film decreases and the permeability increases. The maximum permeability is 2 361 m³/(m²·h·kPa). The maximum pore diameter of the sample with little change is about 45 µm. When the w(K₂SO₄) is more than 40%, the permeability and pore diameter of the porous film both decrease obviously. When the w(K₂SO₄) is more than 60%, the permeability of the film layer is lower than that of the lower limit of the test instrument. Proper amount of K₂SO₄ can improve the permeability of porous alloy membrane through hindering sintering densification based on the space occupying effect in the Ni coating, but excessive amount of K₂SO₄ will block the diffusion of Cu atoms to Ni powder layer, which makes it difficult to form through-pores on the Cu foil, resulting in a significant decrease in permeability.

Key words： K₂SO₄ porous membrane NiCu alloy permeability pore diameter space-holder

收稿日期: 2021-12-18 出版日期: 2021-05-07

ZTFLH:

TB31

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51774336)

引用本文:

冯路利, 喻林萍, 干庆展, 高海燕, 贺跃辉. 占位剂K₂SO₄对NiCu合金多孔膜孔结构的影响[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2021, 26(2): 147-154.
FENG Luli, YU Linping, GAN Qingzhan, GAO Haiyan, HE Yuehui. Effect of K₂SO₄space-holder on pore structure of NiCu alloy porous membrane. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2021, 26(2): 147-154.

链接本文:

http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/CN/Y2021/V26/I2/147

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