Abstract The high-speed steel particle reinforced titanium matrix composites (HSSP/Ti-based composites) were prepared at 850~1 000 ℃ by spark plasma sintering (SPS) using M2 high-speed steel particles as reinforcements. The effects of sintering temperature on the microstructure, hardness and friction property of the composites were investigated. The results show that no pores or Ti-Fe intermetallic compounds are found in the interfacial transition layer between high-speed steel particles and titanium matrix, and the highest density of composites is 96.8%. A layer of carbide precipitates around the high-speed steel particles is founded at the sintering temperature of 850 ℃. The carbides disappear due to the diffusion of C phase with increasing sintering temperature. The W and Mo elements in the high-speed steel particles are enriched around the high-speed steel particles. The microhardness of the interface between the high speed steel particle and titanium matrix is relatively higher, and the microhardness of the titanium matrix sintered at 1 000 ℃ can reach 426.9 HV. The addition of high-speed steel particles is beneficial to improve the friction property of titanium. The wear mode of high speed steel particles reinforced titanium matrix composites is dominated by adhesive wear. The microhardness and wear resistance of the material both increase with sintering temperature increases.
ZENG Han,WU Hong,ZHOU Chengshang, et al. Effects of sintering temperature on microstructure and properties of high speed steel particles reinforced titanium matrix composites[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2019, 24(1): 68-74.
[1] FROES F H, FRIEDRICH H, KIESE J, et al.Titanium in the family automobile: The cost challenge[J]. Jom the Journal of the Minerals Metals & Materials Society, 2004, 56(2): 40-44. [2] LIU Y, XU S, WANG X, et al.Ultra-high strength and ductile lamellar-structured powder metallurgy binary Ti-Ta alloys[J]. Jom the Journal of the Minerals Metals & Materials Society, 2016, 68(3): 899-907. [3] 刘丹, 陈志勇, 陈科培, 等. TC4钛合金表面激光熔覆复合涂层的组织和耐磨性[J]. 金属热处理, 2015, 40(3): 58-62. LIU Dan, CHEN Zhiyong, CHEN Kepei, et al.Microstructure and wear resistance of laser clad composite coating on TC4 titanium alloy surface[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2015, 40(3): 58-62. [4] LEE D B, PARK K B, JEONG H W, et al.Mechanical and oxidation properties of Ti-x Fe-y Si alloys[J]. Materials Science & Engineering A, 2002, 328(1/2): 161-168. [5] 吴红艳, 张平则, 徐江, 等. 钛合金表面耐磨涂层的研究现状及应用[J]. 材料导报, 2006, 20(4): 74-77. WU Hongyan, ZHANG Pingze, XU Jiang, et al.Current situations and applications of titanium alloys wear resistance coatings[J]. Materials Review, 2006, 20(4): 74-77. [6] TJONG S C, MAI Y W.Processing-structure-property aspects of particulate-and whisker-reinforced titanium matrix composites[J]. Composites Science & Technology, 2008, 68(3/4): 583-601. [7] FOUILLAND-PAILLE L, ETTAQI S, BENAYOUN S, et al.Structural and mechanical characterization of Ti/TiC cermet coatings synthesized by laser melting[J]. Surface & Coatings Technology, 1997, 88(1/3): 204-211. [8] SADEGHI-KIAKHANI M, ARAMI M, GHARANJIG K.Process for producing Ti/TiC composite by hydrocarbon gas and Ti powder reaction[J]. International Journal of Environmental Studies, 1998, 11(2): 111-120. [9] PARK J W, HUO C L, LEE S.Composition, microstructure, hardness, and wear properties of high-speed steel rolls[J]. Metallurgical & Materials Transactions A, 1999, 30(2): 399-409. [10] LIU Y, CHEN L F, TANG H P, et al.Design of powder metallurgy titanium alloys and composites[J]. Materials Science & Engineering A, 2006, 418(1): 25-35. [11] ZHU L F, FRIAK M, DICK A, et al.First-principles study of the thermodynamic and elastic properties of eutectic Fe-Ti alloys[J]. Acta Materialia, 2012, 60(4): 1594-1602. [12] BOLZONI L, RUIZ-NAVAS E M, GORDO E. Understanding the properties of low-cost iron-containing powder metallurgy titanium alloys[J]. Materials & Design, 2016, 110: 317-323. [13] BOLZONI L, RUIZ-NAVAS E M, GORDO E. Quantifying the properties of low-cost powder metallurgy titanium alloys[J]. Materials Science & Engineering A, 2017, 687: 47-53. [14] RABADIA C D, LIU Y J, CAO G H, et al.High-strength β stabilized Ti-Nb-Fe-Cr alloys with large plasticity[J]. Materials Science & Engineering A, 2018, 732: 368-377. [15] O’FLYNN J, CORBIN S F. The influence of iron powder size on pore formation, densification and homogenization during blended elemental sintering of Ti-2.5Fe[J]. Journal of Alloys & Compounds, 2015, 618: 437-448. [16] TAVOOSI M.The kirkendall void formation in Al/Ti interface during solid-state reactive diffusion between Al and Ti[J]. Surfaces and Interfaces, 2017, 9: 196-200. [17] PUENTE A E P Y, DUNAND D C. Synthesis of NiTi microtubes via the Kirkendall effect during interdiffusion of Ti-coated Ni wires[J]. Intermetallics, 2018, 92: 42-48. [18] CAO G.Atomic level understanding of the nanoscale kirkendall effect[J]. Science Bulletin, 2017, 62(12): 818-819. [19] ESTEBAN P G, RUIZ-NAVAS E M, GORDO E. Influence of Fe content and particle size the on the processing and mechanical properties of low-cost Ti-xFe alloys[J]. Materials Science & Engineering A, 2010, 527(21): 5664-5669. [20] CHEN B Y, HWANG K S, NG K L.Effect of cooling process on the α phase formation and mechanical properties of sintered Ti-Fe alloys[J]. Materials Science & Engineering A, 2011, 528(13/14): 4556-4563. [21] XIE G, LOUZGUINE-LUZGIN D V, WAKAI F, et al. Microstructure and properties of ceramic particulate reinforced metallic glassy matrix composites fabricated by spark plasma sintering[J]. Materials Science & Engineering B, 2008, 148(1/3): 77-81. [22] HUME-ROTHERY W.The structure of metals and alloys[J]. Institute of Metals, 1962, 13(2): 161-167.
2019, Vol. 24 
