Nd-B-Sm体系的相图热力学研究

doi:10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2025023

Abstract
Figure/Table
References
Related Citation (10)

Download: PDF (898 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract Phase equilibria of the Nd-B-Sm system were investigated through a combination of experiments and calculations of phase diagram. Based on the sub-binary phase diagrams, seven ternary alloys with different composition were designed and prepared using an electric arc melting furnace. Phase constituents of the Nd-B-Sm alloys annealed at 773 K, 873 K and in the as-cast state were investigated using electron probe microanalysis and X-ray powder diffraction. The results indicate that due to the similarity in atomic radii and electronegativity between Nd and Sm, the Nd-B and Sm-B compounds share identical crystal structures so that Nd₂B₅ and Sm₂B₅ form an infinite solid solution of (Nd,Sm)₂B₅, with no ternary compounds observed. Base on the phase equilibrium data obtained in this work and thermodynamic description on the binary systems reported in the literature, a set of self-consistent thermodynamic parameters is obtained by thermodynamic optimization of the Nd-B-Sm system using the CALPHAD method. The calculated isothermal sections at 773 K and 873 K, the liquidus projection, and the Scheil solidification path are in good agreement with the experimental data.

Key words： Nd-B-Sm CALPHAD phase equilibria isothermal section solidification path

Received: 17 March 2025 Published: 13 October 2025

ZTFLH:

TG113.14

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	MEI Jiacheng
	QIU Chengliang
	LIU Shuhong
	DU Yong

Cite this article:

MEI Jiacheng,QIU Chengliang,LIU Shuhong, et al. Thermodynamic investigation of the Nb-B-Sm system[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2025, 30(4): 289-300.

URL:

http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/EN/10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2025023 OR http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/EN/Y2025/V30/I4/289

[1] GOBBI M, SATTAR A, PALAZZETTI R, et al.Traction motors for electric vehicles: maximization of mechanical efficiency: a review[J]. Applied Energy, 2024, 357: 122496.
[2] 王玉国. 浅谈稀土永磁材料在风电产业中的应用前景[J]. 新材料产业, 2010(12): 11-14.
WANG Yuguo.A brief discussion on the application prospects of rare earth permanent magnet materials in the wind power industry[J]. Advanced Materials Industry, 2010(12): 11-14.
[3] 杨应昌. 新型各向异性稀土永磁材料产业化开发进展[J]. 新材料产业, 2011(2): 40-43.
YANG Yingchang.Progress in the industrialization development of new anisotropic rare earth permanent magnet materials[J]. Advanced Materials Industry, 2011(2): 40-43.
[4] HU J W, WU Y X, HE J Y, et al.Computer numerical simulations for accelerated design of rare earth permanent magnet motors in renewable energy applications: a review[J]. Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, 2023, 156: 144-159.
[5] LI Y Q, YUE M, ZHAO G P, et al.Effect of magnetic soft phase on the magnetic properties of bulk anisotropic Nd₂Fe₁₄B/α-Fe nanocomposite permanent magnets[J]. Materials Research Express, 2018, 5(1): 016108.
[6] KOU J Y, ZHENG Y, LOU L, et al.Bulk anisotropic Nd₂Fe₁₄B/α-Fe nanocomposite magnet prepared by hot rolling[J]. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2024, 591: 171733.
[7] BUSCHOW K H J. Permanent magnet materials based on 3d-rich ternary compounds[M]// Handbook of Ferromagnetic Materials: Volume 4. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1988: 1-129.
[8] XIAO Q F, ZHAO T, ZHANG Z D, et al.Effect of grain size and magnetocrystalline anisotropy on exchange coupling in nanocomposite two-phase Nd-Fe-B magnets[J]. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2001, 223(3): 215-220.
[9] ZHANG M, ZHANG Z D, SUN X K, et al.Remanent enhancement of nanocomposite (Nd,Sm)₂Fe₁₄B/α-Fe magnets[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2004, 372(1/2): 267-271.
[10] LIAO P K, SPEAR K E, SCHLESINGER M E.The B-Sm (boron-samarium) system[J]. Journal of Phase Equilibria, 1996, 17(4): 347-350.
[11] ZHANG W, LIU G, HAN K.The Fe-Nd (iron-neodymium) system[J]. Journal of Phase Equilibria, 1992, 13(6): 645-648.
[12] LIAO P K, SPEAR K E, SCHLESINGER M E.The B-Nd (boron-neodymium) system[J]. Journal of Phase Equilibria, 1996, 17(4): 335-339.
[13] HALLEMANS B, WOLLANTS P, ROOS J R.Thermodynamic assessment of the Fe-Nd-B phase diagram[J]. Journal of Phase Equilibria, 1995, 16(2): 137-149.
[14] STORMS E K.Phase relationship, vaporization, and thermodynamic properties of neodymium hexaboride[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1981, 85(11): 1536-1540.
[15] MESCHEL S V, KLEPPA O J.Standard enthalpies of formation of some borides of Ce, Pr, Nd and Gd by high-temperature reaction calorimetry[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 1995, 226(1/2): 243-247.
[16] VAN ENDE M A, JUNG I H. Critical thermodynamic evaluation and optimization of the Fe-B, Fe-Nd, B-Nd and Nd-Fe-B systems[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2013, 548: 133-154.
[17] ZHOU G J, LUO Y, ZHOU Y.Thermodynamic reassessment of the Nd-Fe-B ternary system[J]. Journal of Electronic Materials, 2016, 45(1): 418-425.
[18] CHEN T L, WANG J, GUO C P, et al.Thermodynamic description of the Nd-Fe-B ternary system[J]. Calphad, 2019, 66: 101627.
[19] SOLOVYEV G I, SPEAR K E.Phase behavior in the Sm-B system[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1972, 55(9): 475-479.
[20] SPEAR K, SOLOVEV G.High boron content rare-earth borides[J]. National Bureau of Standards Special Publication, 1972(364): 597-603.
[21] WEI Q, RONG M H, LI S, et al.Thermodynamic calculation of phase equilibria of rare earth metals with boron binary systems[J]. International Journal of Materials Research, 2022, 113(5): 400-418.
[22] KOBZENKO G F, MARTYNCHUK E L.Phase diagram of the neodymium-samarium alloy system[J]. Dopovidi of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Series A, 1975(3): 263-266.
[23] GSCHNEIDNER K A, CALDERWOOD F W.The Nd-Sm (neodymium-samarium) system[J]. Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams, 1982, 3(2): 201-202.
[24] GUO C P, DU Z M, LI C R.Thermodynamic description of the Ce-Mg-Y and Mg-Nd-Y systems[J]. International Journal of Materials Research, 2008, 99(6): 650-688.
[25] SCHWEIZER P, BRACKX E, JONNARD P.Electron probe microanalysis of light elements: Improvements in the measurement and signal extraction methods[J]. X-Ray Spectrometry, 2022, 51(4): 403-412.
[26] LAUGHLIN D E, MASSALSKI T B.Construction of equilibrium phase diagrams: some errors to be avoided[J]. Progress in Materials Science, 2021, 120: 100715.
[27] DINSDALE A T.SGTE data for pure elements[J]. Calphad, 1991, 15(4): 317-425.
[28] REDLICH O, KISTER A T.Algebraic representation of thermodynamic properties and the classification of solutions[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry, 1948, 40(2): 345-348.