紧耦合式气雾化拉瓦尔喷嘴结构对气体流场的影响

doi:10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2026048

Abstract
Figure/Table
References
Related Citation (4)

Download: PDF (739 KB) HTML (0 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract The structrue of the Laval nozzle directly influences the characteristics of the gas flow field in the close-coupled gas atomization process, thereby determining the particle size and properties of the produced powder. Based on the shear stress transport k-ω turbulence model, numerical simulations of Laval nozzles with different throat, outlet and inlet widths were conducted to systematically analyze their effects on the flow field structure, jet velocity, and suction pressure. The results indicate that the throat width is a critical parameter regulating flow field morphology, when the throat width increases, the flow field transitions from an “open-wake” to a “closed-wake”, while the suction pressure follows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. An appropriate outlet width shlightly enhances the suction capability of atomizer, variations in the inlet width within a reasonable range have a negligible effect on the jet velocity, pressure distribution, and suction performance. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of Laval nozzles.

Key words： close-coupled gas atomization Laval nozzle flow field structure numerical simulation suction pressure

Received: 21 April 2026 Published: 12 November 2026

ZTFLH:

TF123

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	LIU Yuhui
	ZHOU Chengshang
	LIU Yong

Cite this article:

LIU Yuhui,ZHOU Chengshang,LIU Yong. Effect of Laval nozzle structrue on gas flow field in close-coupled gas atomization[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2026, 31(5): 498-507.

URL:

http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/EN/10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2026048 OR http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/EN/Y2026/V31/I5/498

[1] 吴文恒, 王涛, 范玎. 增材制造用球形金属粉末主要制备技术的研究进展[J]. 机械工程材料, 2021, 45(11): 76-83.
WU Wenheng, WANG Tao, FAN Ding.Research progress on main preparation technologies of spherical metal powder for additive manufacturing[J]. Materials for Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 45(11): 76-83.
[2] 关书文, 刘世昌, 时坚, 等. 气雾化制备金属粉末的研究进展及展望[J]. 铸造, 2022, 71(2): 136-142.
GUAN Shuwen, LIU Shichang, SHI Jian, et al.Research progress and prospect of metal powder preparation by gas atomization[J]. Foundry, 2022, 71(2): 136-142.
[3] 汤鹏君, 任哲峥, 杨克勇, 等. 气雾化法制备3D打印金属粉末的工艺研究进展[J]. 机械工程材料, 2023, 47(11): 87-95.
TANG Pengjun, REN Zhezheng, YANG Keyong, et al.Research progress on preparation process of 3D printing metal powder by gas atomization[J]. Materials for Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 47(11): 87-95.
[4] MANDAL S, SADEGHIANJAHROMI A, WANG C C.Experimental and numerical investigations on molten metal atomization techniques: a critical review[J]. Advanced Powder Technology, 2022, 33(11): 103809.
[5] SOONG S Z, LAI W L, LUP A N K. Atomization of metal and alloy powders: processes, parameters, and properties[J]. AIChE Journal, 2023, 69(11): e18217.
[6] LUO S, OUYANG Y, LAI S Y, et al.3D numerical modeling of gas atomization process for powder preparation based on similarity theory[J]. Powder Technology, 2024, 433: 119244.
[7] WANG P, LIU J Q, DONG Y N, et al.Breakup process modeling and production of FeSiAl magnetic powders by close-coupled gas atomization[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2023, 23: 730-743.
[8] ZHAO T C, CHEN C G, LIU X H, et al.Effect of gas Mach number on the flow field of close-coupled gas atomization, particle size and cooling rate of as-atomized powder: simulation and experiment[J]. Advanced Powder Technology, 2023, 34(5): 104007.
[9] SAMUEL J J, MULLIS A M, BORMAN D J.CFD modelling of close-coupled gas atomisation (CCGA) process by employing the Euler-Lagrange approach to understand melt flow instabilities[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2024, 295: 120205.
[10] 班伟, 陈嘉琪, 刘璐璐, 等. 紧耦合气雾化喷嘴流场特性研究[J]. 粉末冶金技术, 2024, 42(3): 312-319.
BAN Wei, CHEN Jiaqi, LIU Lulu, et al.Research on flow field characteristic of close-coupled gas atomizing nozzles[J]. Powder Metallurgy Technology, 2024, 42(3): 312-319.
[11] 杨姝, 陈陟, 亓昌, 等. 熔体尖端锥角对气雾化制粉中雾化过程的影响[J]. 粉末冶金技术, 2024, 42(6): 573-581.
YANG Shu, CHEN Zhi, QI Chang, et al.Effect of melt tip taper angle on atomization process in gas atomization[J]. Powder Metallurgy Technology, 2024, 42(6): 573-581.
[12] ZHOU Z L, SUN W H, LU W Y, et al.Insight into the influence of melt superheat on flow field dynamics and particle morphology in gas-atomized Fe-based amorphous alloys: simulation and experimental[J]. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2026, 258: 307-319.
[13] MOTAMAN S, MULLIS A M, COCHRANE R F, et al.Numerical and experimental modelling of back stream flow during close-coupled gas atomization[J]. Computers & Fluids, 2013, 88: 1-10.
[14] OUYANG H W, CHEN X, HUANG B Y.Influence of melt superheat on breakup process of close-coupled gas atomization[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2007, 17(5): 967-973.
[15] 徐啸林, 卢林, 吴文恒. 紧耦合气雾化拉瓦尔喷盘结构优化[J]. 机械工程材料, 2024, 48(4): 103-110.
XU Xiaolin, LU Lin, WU Wenheng.Structural optimization of Laval nozzle used for close-coupled gas atomization[J]. Materials for Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 48(4): 103-110.
[16] SI C R, ZHANG X J, WANG J B, et al.Design and tion of a Laval-type supersonic atomizer for low-pressure gas atomization of molten metals[J]. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials, 2014, 21(6): 627-635.
[17] ALLIMANT A, PLANCHE M P, BAILLY Y, et al.Progress in gas atomization of liquid metals by means of a De Laval nozzle[J]. Powder Technology, 2009, 190(1/2): 79-83.
[18] ZERWAS A A, DA SILVA F C, GUARDANI R, et al. Impact of the gas atomizer nozzle configuration on metal powder production for additive manufacturing[J]. Powder Technology, 2024, 443: 119974.
[19] 范晓星, 王宇, 王曦珠, 等. 小型拉瓦尔喷管的参数设计和模拟[J]. 辽宁大学学报(自然科学版), 2023, 50(2): 146-153.
FAN Xiaoxing, WANG Yu, WANG Xizhu, et al.Design of small size laval nozzle ang simulation[J]. Journal of Liaoning university (Natural Science Edition), 2023, 50(2): 146-153.
[20] 胡家齐, 程宗辉, 白兵. 雾化制粉过程模拟仿真研究进展[J]. 粉末冶金工业, 2022, 32(5): 103-109.
HU Jiaqi, CHENG Zonghui, BAI Bing.Progress in simulation on atomization process of powder preparation[J]. Powder Metallurgy Industry, 2022, 32(5): 103-109.
[21] WEI M W, CHEN S Y, SUN M, et al.Atomization simulation and preparation of 24CrNiMoY alloy steel powder using VIGA technology at high gas pressure[J]. Powder Technology, 2020, 367: 724-739.
[22] LUO S, OUYANG Y, WEI Q L, et al.Understanding the breakup behaviors of liquid jet in gas atomization for powder production[J]. Materials & Design, 2023, 227: 111793.
[23] YANG Q J, YANG S L, YU H S, et al.Impact of Laval nozzle structure on the flow characteristics of supersonic gas-solid two-phase flow[J]. Powder Technology, 2024, 439: 119657.
[24] KAISER R, LI C G, YANG S S, et al.A numerical simulation study of the path-resolved breakup behaviors of molten metal in high-pressure gas atomization: with emphasis on the role of shock waves in the gas/molten metal interaction[J]. Advanced Powder Technology, 2018, 29(3): 623-630.
[25] 刘承婷, 贺亮, 管恩东. 基于拉瓦尔管的气液两相流雾化规律研究[J]. 大连理工大学学报, 2022, 62(2): 179-187.
LIU Chengting, HE Liang, GUAN Endong.Study of atomization law of gas-liquid two-phase flow based on Laval tube[J]. Journal of Dalian University of Technology, 2022, 62(2): 179-187.
[26] YIN Z.Compressibility correction to the k-ω turbulence model that considers the wall-cooling effect[J]. AIAA Journal, 2025, 64(3): 1309-1319.
[27] LIU C, LI X, SHU S, et al.Numerical investigation on flow process of liquid metals in melt delivery nozzle during gas atomization process for fine metal powder production[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2021, 31(10): 3192-3204.
[28] LUO S, WANG H Z, GAO Z Y, et al.Interaction between high-velocity gas and liquid in gas atomization revealed by a new coupled simulation model[J]. Materials & Design, 2021, 212: 110264.
[29] TING J, PERETTI M W, EISEN W B.The effect of wake-closure phenomenon on gas atomization performance[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2002, 326(1): 110-121.
[30] 欧阳鸿武, 王琼, 刘卓民. 紧耦合气雾化流场结构突变过程的数值模拟[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2010, 15(2): 96-101.
OUYANG Hongwu, WANG Qiong, LIU Zhuomin.Numerical study on abrupt change of flow field in close-coupled gas atomization[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2010, 15(2): 96-101.
[31] OUYANG Y, LUO S, REN P Y, et al.Guiding the design of close-coupled gas atomization nozzle through numerical simulation and experiment[J]. Transactions of Materials Research, 2025, 1(6): 100118.
[32] TING J, ANDERSON I E.A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) investigation of the wake closure phenomenon[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2004, 379(1/2): 264-276.
[33] 肖中云, 顾蕴松, 江雄, 等. 一种基于引射效应的流体推力矢量新技术[J]. 航空学报, 2012, 33(11): 1967-1974.
XIAO Zhongyun, GU Yunsong, JIANG Xiong, et al.A new fluidic thrust vectoring technique based on ejecting mixing effects[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2012, 33(11): 1967-1974.
[34] 李新珂, 姚达豪, 渠镇铭, 等. 引射进气构型对引射进气与主次流相互作用特性影响实验研究[J]. 推进技术, 2026, 47(1): 202411064.
LI Xinke, YAO Dahao, QU Zhenming, et al.Experimental study of primary-secondary flow ejecting and interaction characteristics in a RBCC flowpath with different inlet configuration[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2026, 47(1): 202411064.