基于Si3N4@MgSiN2核壳结构粉体制备β-Si3N4晶须

doi:10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2024078

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Abstract One dimensional single crystal β-Si₃N₄ whiskers possess excellent thermal, mechanical, high- temperature and corrosion resistance properties, and are widely used as resin based, metal based, and ceramic based reinforcement materials. β-Si₃N₄ whiskers prepared with oxides as sintering aids have shortcomings such as high residual impurities and low aspect ratio, which limit their reinforcement effect. This study utilized the molten salt synthesis to prepare Si₃N₄@MgSiN₂ core-shell structured powders with controllable shell thickness at lower temperature, and further prepared β-Si₃N₄ whiskers from this powder through sintering. The phase composition and microstructure of powders and whiskers were studied using X-ray diffractometer, energy dispersive spectrometer, and scanning electron microscope. The results show that at high temperatures, α-Si₃N₄ undergoes a phase transformation and Ostwald ripening in the liquid phase formed by the shell MgSiN₂ through a “dissolution-precipitation” mechanism, resulting in the formation of β-Si₃N₄ whiskers with high aspect ratio. Raising the sintering temperature and increasing the Mg/Si₃N₄ mass ratio in the raw material can enhance the diffusion mass transfer in the liquid phase, which is beneficial for the growth of whiskers along the [001] direction, manifest as an increase in whisker length and aspect ratio. At the same time, the unstable nature of MgSiN₂ at high temperature promotes its decomposition into Mg, N₂, and Si₃N₄, ensuring the high purity of the whiskers. Therefore, high-purity, high aspect ratio, and easily dispersible β-Si₃N₄ whiskers are prepared by sintering at 1 750 ℃ for 1 h. The new preparation strategy of whiskers proposed in this study is economically feasible and provides a new approach for the preparation of high-performance β-Si₃N₄ whiskers.

Key words： β-Si₃N₄ whisker molten salt synthesis sintering aid core-shell structure growth mechanism

Received: 20 September 2024 Published: 08 April 2025

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	WANG Weide
	LIU Yiming
	PAN Yong
	MO Yong
	WANG Weiming
	MA Qingsong

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WANG Weide,LIU Yiming,PAN Yong, et al. β-Si₃N₄ whiskers preparation from Si₃N₄@MgSiN₂ core-shell structure powders[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2025, 30(1): 1-10.

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http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/EN/10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2024078 OR http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/EN/Y2025/V30/I1/1

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