油菜籽衍生铋基活性炭粉末的制备及吸附性能

doi:10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2025088

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Abstract To achieve high-value utilization of agricultural waste rapeseed residue and address the challenge of efficient radioactive iodine capture, this study utilized rapeseed residue as a precursor to prepare porous activated carbon carriers via hydrothermal-alkali activation. Subsequently, a solvothermal method was employed to construct composites (Bi/RS) with varying bismuth loadings. The microstructure of composites were analyzed by combining scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, etc. Adsorption experiments using gaseous iodine, iodine/cyclohexane solution, and aqueous iodine solution were conducted to systematically investigate the adsorption kinetics and mechanism. Results indicate that nanoscale bismuth (Bi⁰) is uniformly dispersed on the carbon framework surface and within its pores, slightly reducing the specific surface area of materials while maintaining a highly developed micropore structure. The incorporation of bismuth significantly enhances chemical iodine fixation capacity of composites, with Bi/RS-0.4 achieving an iodine retention rate of 83.1% after three adsorption cycles in the gas phase adsorption. In liquid phase adsorption, the low-loading Bi/RS-0.1 exhibit optimal performance, achieving over 99% removal efficiency for iodine/cyclohexane solutions and a saturated adsorption capacity of 2 293 mg/g in aqueous iodine solutions. The synergistic effect of physical adsorption (pore trapping) and chemical adsorption (Bi-I precipitation and functional group complexation) is key to efficient iodine fixation of Bi/RS. Bi/RS not only achieves resource utilization of waste rapeseed residue but also exhibits outstanding adsorption performance and stability in both gas and liquid phases, providing a theoretical and material foundation for radioactive iodine waste management.

Key words： rapeseed residue bismuth-based activated carbon radioactive iodine iodine adsorption chemical fixation solvothermal method

Received: 25 December 2025 Published: 07 May 2026

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	LIU Runzhuo
	ZHANG Liqiang
	MA Xiancheng
	CHEN Zhaoke

Cite this article:

LIU Runzhuo,ZHANG Liqiang,MA Xiancheng, et al. Preparation and adsorption performance of rapeseed-derived bismuth-based activated carbon powder[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2026, 31(2): 163-175.

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http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/EN/10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2025088 OR http://pmbjb.csu.edu.cn/EN/Y2026/V31/I2/163

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