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| Wear and corrosion resistance of nanoparticle-reinforced amorphous/nanocrystalline Ni-P/Ni-W-NbC composite coatings |
| QI Changhao, LUO Yi, LIU Jiachen, GAO Zekun, ZHANG Yuting, XU Yiku |
| School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China |
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Abstract To overcome the bottleneck of synergistic enhancement in strength, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of traditional coatings, this study employed pulse electrodeposition to prepare Ni-P/Ni-W-NbC nanocomposite coatings. The effects of NbC nanoparticle mass concentration on the microstructure and properties of the coatings were systematically investigated using scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectroscope, and X-ray diffractometer. The results indicate that NbC significantly refines the grains of the Ni-W coating through heterogeneous nucleation, achieving optimal dispersive distribution at a mass concentration threshold of 1 g/L. At this mass concentration, the coating exhibits optimal comprehensive performance with a peak microhardness (HV) of 1 123.2, the lowest friction factor of 0.16, and a significantly reduced wear rate. When the NbC nanoparticle mass concentration is 1 g/L, the coating possesses the finest grain size and the densest structure. NbC synergistically optimizes the microstructure of the coating through solid solution strengthening, grain boundary pinning, and reduced porosity. An appropriate amount of NbC (1 g/L) significantly enhances the corrosion resistance of the coating in a NaCl solution with a mass fraction of 3.5%, manifested by an increased charge transfer resistance and a decreased corrosion current density. However, excessive NbC leads to particle agglomeration, inducing microcracks and structural defects, which degrade the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the coating. This study elucidates the interfacial synergistic strengthening mechanism between NbC and the γ-Ni-W coating during pulse electrodeposition, providing a theoretical basis and technical pathway for developing gradient functional coatings with high hardness, low friction, and excellent corrosion resistance.
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Received: 11 August 2025
Published: 06 January 2026
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2025, Vol. 30 
