Preparation, physical and mechanical properties of La2O3 second-phase reinforced tungsten alloys

FU Kaichao; XU Dang; SANG Changcheng; CHEN Ruizhi; CHEN Pengqi; CHENG Jigui

doi:10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2023082

Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy >

2024 , Vol. 29 >Issue 1: 53 - 62

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2023082

Engineering and Technology

Preparation, physical and mechanical properties of La₂O₃ second-phase reinforced tungsten alloys

FU Kaichao ,
XU Dang ,
SANG Changcheng ,
CHEN Ruizhi ,
CHEN Pengqi ,
CHENG Jigui

Expand

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;
2. Anhui Powder Metallurgy Engineering Technology Research Center, Hefei 230009, China

Received date: 2023-12-19

Revised date: 2024-01-11

Online published: 2024-03-26

Fold

Abstract

Second-phase reinforced tungsten (W) alloy has excellent properties such as high strength, great creep resistance, and irradiation resistance, it is a highly promising plasma facing material for fusion reactor. In this paper, W-La₂O₃ composite powders with different La₂O₃ contents (w(La₂O₃)=0-1.5%) were prepared by solution combustion synthesis (SCS) using ammonium metatungstate and lanthanum nitrate (La(NO₃)₃) as the main raw materials. Then the La₂O₃ second-phase reinforced W alloys were further prepared by spark plasma sintering, and the effects of La₂O₃ content on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the W alloys were investigated. The results show that W-La₂O₃ composite powders with average particle size of approximately 200 nm, well dispersion, and uniform distribution of La₂O₃ can be successfully synthesized using SCS. The addition of appropriate amount of La₂O₃ can effectively improve the physical and mechanical properties of W alloys. With the increase of La₂O₃ contents, the microhardness and tensile strength of the La₂O₃ second-phase reinforced W alloys show a tendency that increases first and then decreases, while the relative density gradually decreases. The microhardness (HV) of W5La alloy reaches the maximum value of 524.10 at w(La₂O₃)=0.5%. After the addition of the second-phase of La₂O₃, the fracture mode of the W matrix is changed from W grain fracture predominantly to a mixed fracture with the co-existence of intergranular fracture and transgranular fracture, and the grain size is reduced with an average grain size of 4.1 μm. Compared with pure W, W5La alloy has higher tensile strength and lower ductile-brittle transition temperature (DBTT), and its tensile strength at room temperature and 500 ℃ is 279.6 MPa and 498.9 MPa, respectively, and DBTT is 200-300 ℃.

Key words： La₂O₃ doped W powder; plasma facing material; solution combustion synthesis; spark plasma sintering; mechanical property

Cite this article

FU Kaichao , XU Dang , SANG Changcheng , CHEN Ruizhi , CHEN Pengqi , CHENG Jigui . Preparation, physical and mechanical properties of La₂O₃ second-phase reinforced tungsten alloys[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2024 , 29(1) : 53 -62 . DOI: 10.19976/j.cnki.43-1448/TF.2023082

References

[1] CHEN Y Y, HUANG Y, LI F, et al.High-strength diffusion bonding of oxide-dispersion-strengthened tungsten and CuCrZr alloy through surface nano-activation and Cu plating[J]. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2021, 92: 186-194.
[2] SEYEDHABASHI M M, TAFRESHI M A, BIDABADI B S, et al.Damage study of irradiated tungsten and copper using proton and argon ions of a plasma focus device[J]. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 2019, 154: 108875.
[3] PAPADAKIS D, MERGIA K, MANIOS E, et al.Defect evolution of neutron irradiated ITER grade tungsten after annealing[J]. Fusion Engineering and Design, 2023, 189: 113486.
[4] YAO G, TAN X Y, FU M Q, et al.Isotropic thermal conductivity in rolled large-sized W-Y₂O₃ bulk material prepared by powder metallurgy route and rolling deformation technology[J]. Fusion Engineering and Design, 2018, 137: 325-330.
[5] HU W Q, MA Q S, MA Z Q, et al.Ultra-fine W-Y₂O₃ composite powders prepared by an improved chemical co-precipitation method and its interface structure after spark plasma sintering[J]. Tungsten, 2019, 1(3): 220-228.
[6] 李月, 范红玉, 杨铭, 等. 低能氦离子辐照对钨和钼材料的表面损伤作用[J]. 核技术, 2015, 38(11): 13-18.
LI Yue, FAN Hongyu, YANG Ming, et al.Low-energy helium-ion irradiation on the surface damage of tungsten and molybdenum[J]. Nuclear Technique, 2015, 38(11): 13-18.
[7] 罗来马, 徐梦瑶, 昝祥, 等. 不同辐照粒子下钨及钨合金辐照损伤行为的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2018, 32(1): 41-46.
LUO Laima, XU Mengyao, ZHAN Xiang, et al.Progress in irradiation damage of tungsten and tungsten alloys under different irradiation partices[J]. Materials Reports, 2018, 32(1): 41-46.
[8] GARRISON L M, KATOH Y, SNEAD L L, et al.Irradiation effects in tungsten-copper laminate composite[J]. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 2016, 481: 134-146.
[9] 林泽华, 康俊, 周永贵, 等. 旋锻钨合金的残余应力及动态力学性能[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2021, 26(5): 404-411.
LIN Zehua, KANG Jun, ZHOU Yonggui, et al.Residual stress and dynamic mechanical properties of swaging deformed tungsten alloy[J] Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2021, 26(5): 404-411.
[10] BEYERLEIN I J, DEMKOWICZ M J, MISRA A, et al.Defect-interface interactions[J]. Progress in Materials Science, 2015, 74: 125-210.
[11] XIE Z M, LIU R, MIAO S, et al.Effect of high temperature swaging and annealing on the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of W-Y₂O₃[J]. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 2015, 464: 193-199.
[12] LV Y Q, HAN Y, ZHAO S Q, et al.Nano-in-situ-composite ultrafine-grained W-Y₂O₃ materials: microstructure, mechanical properties and high heat load performances[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2021, 855: 157366.
[13] 陈勇, 吴玉程, 于福文, 等. La₂O₃弥散强化钨合金的组织性能研究[J]. 稀有金属材料与工程, 2007, 5(36): 822-824.
CHEN Yong, WU Yucheng, YU Fuwen, et al.Microstructure properties of La₂O₃ diffusion-strengthened tungsten alloy[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering, 2007, 5(36): 822-824.
[14] WANG M, SUN H H, PANG B L, et al.Structure evolution of Y₂O₃ and consequent effects on mechanical properties of W-Y₂O₃ alloy prepared by ball milling and SPS[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2022, 832: 142448.
[15] LIU R, WANG X P, HAO T, et al.Characterization of ODS-tungsten microwave-sintered from sol-gel prepared nano-powders[J]. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 2014, 450: 69-74.
[16] CHEN Z, QIN M L, YANG J J, et al.Effect of La₂O₃ addition on the synthesis of tungsten nanopowder via combustion-based method[J]. Journal of Materials Science and Technology, 2020, 58: 24-33.
[17] DONG Z, LIU N, MA Z Q, et al.Preparation of ultra-fine grain W-Y₂O₃ alloy by an improved wet chemical method and two-step spark plasma sintering[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2017, 695: 2969-2973.
[18] 种法力, 陈俊凌, 李建刚. Tokamak 第一壁上 W/Cu 材料的连接和界面应力的研究[J]. 稀有金属与硬质合金, 2005, 33(4): 38-41.
CHONG Fali, CHEN Junling, LI Jiangang.Research on connection and interface thermal stress of W/Cu for plasma facing components of Tokamak unit[J]. Rare Metals and Cemented Carbides, 2005, 33(4): 38-41.
[19] TANABE T, WADA M, OHGO T, et al.Application of tungsten for plasma limiters in TEXTOR[J]. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 2000, 283: 1128-1133.
[20] KITSUNAI Y, KURISHITA H, KAYANO H, et al.Microstructure and impact properties of ultra-fine grained tungsten alloys dispersed with TiC[J]. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 1999, 271: 423-428.
[21] XIE X F, JING K, XIE Z M, et al.Mechanical properties and microstructures of W-TiC and W-Y₂O₃ alloys fabricated by hot-pressing sintering[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2021, 819: 141496.
[22] ANTOLAK-DUDKA A, OLESZAK D, ZIELINSKI R, et al.W-Y₂O₃ composites obtained by mechanical alloying and sintering[J]. Advanced Powder Technology, 2021, 32(2): 390-397.
[23] ZHAO M Y, ZHOU Z J, ZHONG M, et al.Thermal shock behavior of fine grained W-Y₂O₃ materials fabricated via two different manufacturing technologies[J]. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 2016, 470: 236-243.
[24] YAR M A, WAHLBERG S, BERGQVIS H, et al.Chemically produced nanostructured ODS-lanthanum oxide-tungsten composites sintered by spark plasma[J]. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 2011, 408(2): 129-135.
[25] YANG J J, CHEN G, CHEN Z, et al.Effects of doping route on microstructure and mechanical properties of W-1.0wt.%La₂O₃ alloys[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2020, 30(12): 3296-3306.
[26] YAO G, LIU X P, ZHAO Z H, et al.Excellent performance of W-Y₂O₃ composite via powder process improvement and Y₂O₃ refinement[J]. Materials & Design, 2021, 212: 110249.
[27] LI Z, CHEN Y B, WEI S Z, et al.Effect of rotary swaging and subsequent annealing on microstructure and mechanical properties of W_1.5ZrO₂ alloys[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2021, 875: 160041.
[28] LIU G, ZHANG G J, JIANG F, et al.Nanostructured high-strength molybdenum alloys with unprecedented tensile ductility[J]. Nature Materials, 2013, 12(4): 344-350.
[29] 陈杉杉. 还原钨粉粒度特性的过程研究[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2020, 25(5): 389-395.
CHEN Shanshan.Process research on particle size characteristics of reduced tungsten powder[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2020, 25(5): 389-395.
[30] ZHANG H, LI Z B, DENG X C, et al.Effects of various rare earth oxides on morphology and size of oxide dispersion strengthening (ODS)-W and ODS-Mo alloy powders[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2022, 32(8): 2665-2680.
[31] AYYAPPARAJ M, YADAV D, AGRAWAL D K, et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of spark plasma-sintered La₂O₃ dispersion-strengthened W-Ni-Fe alloy[J]. Rare Metals, 2021, 40(8): 2230-2236.
[32] FU B G, YANG J C, GAO Z K, et al.Hot pressing sintering process and sintering mechanism of W-La₂O₃-Y₂O₃-ZrO₂[J]. Rare Metals, 2021, 40(7): 1949-1956.
[33] WEI Q, KECSKES L J.Effect of low-temperature rolling on the tensile behavior of commercially pure tungsten[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2008, 491(1/2): 62-69.
[34] 陈逊, 黄宇峰, 张磊, 等. 超高应变率变形下纯钨的断裂失效行为和动态再结晶[J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2022, 27(5): 498-508.
CHEN Xun, HUANG Yufeng, ZHANG Lei, et al.Fracture failure behavior and dynamic recrystallization of pure tungsten under deformation at ultra-high strain rates[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2022, 27(5): 498-508.

Options

Outlines

模态框（Modal）标题

Abstract

Cite this article

References